Logic And Reasoning
What is an argument
giving a reason(s) to support a particular conclusion
Encompasses and looks at everything that exists, including the nature of existence itself. Foundation of philosophy.
Ethics in philosophy
Moral philosophy.
The philosophy of choices we make in life + the kinds of people we become when we make these choices.
Aesthetics
Study of beauty and [artistic] taste
looks at what is appealing (this can be visually, and through other senses) - what appeals our senses
looks at the reasoning behind why we find something appealing/beautiful + the elements we use to make this evaluation
An argument in which the conclusion is a best guess
Abductive argument
Views reality as mental, or intelligent, or thought-like
reality is a one all-encompassing absolute mind of which your own mind is a part
Idealism
Applied Ethics
How can we apply ethical judgement to particular problems (abortion, war, public order, animal rights, social justice, justice system)
Helps us resolve real-world dilemmas
A virtual pixel drawing is an example of which type of art
Digital art
Attacking your opponent's character or personal traits in an Attacking a defendant's character rather than addressing the actual facts attempt to undermine their argument.
Heraclitus always wondered
What is real?
Grounding Morality
When it comes to moral situations where decisions must be made, starting point is needed
The starting point has to be accepted so that progress can be made in figuring out what a good solution to a problem is
Functionalism
Art needs to serve a purpose
The art piece must serve a function/purpose
The premises are true and the conclusion is nowhere near true
Invalid(deductive argument)
Consider physical and mind in correlation to explain reality
Dualism
Opposite from Determinism
Libertarianism
Different forms of art
Aristotle & The Reasoning Process
Formal logic is dedicated to the study of deductive arguments. Formal logicians try to determine the conditions under which deductive arguments are valid and to identify types of faulty argumentation
The study of existence and, within existence, what is most real
Ontology
If a person is FORCED to do something, then it may be excusable
Compulsion
Two subjective theories about aesthetic beauty
Hume's theory and Kant's theory