Developed by Ainsworth in 1973, this laboratory procedure is used to measure attachment between caregiver and child.
What is the Strange Situation?
100
According to Erikson, during this crisis if the infant fails to gain self-rule over their own actions and bodies, they feel ashamed and doubtful of their abilities.
What is Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt?
100
This type of concrete pre-operational thinking is typified by a young child thinking that nothing can be undone
What is Irreversibility?
100
Piaget’s term for cognitive development between the ages of about 2 and 6
What is Preoperational Intelligence?
100
A lasting emotional bond that one person has with another that is usually seen between children and their caregivers and has great survival value in motivating parents to care for their children as proposed by Bowlby.
What is attachment?
100
A healthy adaptive relationship style in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver in the presence of novel situations.
What is a Secure Attachment?
100
A person who is fluent in two languages, not favoring one over the other.
What is a Balanced Bilingual?
100
This is the incremental learning described by Lev Vygotsky in which temporary sensitive support is provided and gradually built upon to aid in mastery of newly learned skills.
What is Scaffolding?
200
Constitutionally based individual differences in emotions, activity, and self control
What is temperament?
200
The tendency for children seek information about how to react to an unfamiliar or ambiguous object or event by observing someone else’s (a parent or adult) expressions and reactions.
What is Social Referencing?
200
This is a speedy and imprecise way in which children learn new words by mentally charting them into categories according to their meaning.
What is Fast Mapping?
200
The idea that children attempt to explain everything they see and hear by constructing theories.
What is Theory-theory?
300
A coordinated, rapid, and smooth exchange of responses between a caregiver and an infant.
What is Synchrony?
300
A set of assumptions that an individual uses as a frame of reference to organize perceptions and experiences
What is a Working Model?
300
A young child’s tendency to apply grammar rules even when exceptions occur, making the language more “regular” than it actually is. "Mommy, I goed on a fieldtrip today!"
What is overregularization?
300
The idea that children construct theories to explain what they see and hear
What is Theory of Mind?
400
This type of parenting involves being physically close to the baby, often holding & touching.
What is Proximal Parenting?
400
An attachment style that is marked by an infant’s inconsistent reactions to the caregiver’s departure and return
What is Disorganized Attachment?
400
Children under a certain age have difficulty understanding this concept, which involves the idea that the amount of substance remains the same even when its appearance changes. This has been studied in the past using containers of water and candies arranged in various ways.
What is Conservation?
400
This refers to the range of skills a learner can perform with assistance, but not independently.