Minerals
Earth's Surface
Soil
Rocks
Geological "Grab Bag"
100
What is a mineral?
Solid material formed by nature, not formed by living things
100
What is the name of the "supercontinent" that existed about 250 million years ago?
Pangæa
100
What is soil formed from and how is it formed?
Rocks, minerals, decaying plants & animals formed (small bits of weathered rocks mixed with organic materials from plants and animals) slowly over time
100
Name the type of rocks made from sediments and formed in layers over a long period of time(an example is sandstone).
sedimentary
100
What is erosion?
movement of weathered pieces of rock, when wind or water carries sediment away
200
What are the physical properties of a mineral?
color, luster, hardness, streak, cleavage & fracture
200

These forces build new features on Earth's surface. 

What are constructive forces

200
How does soil support the growth of plants?
Provides them with nutrients (minerals, water, air) they need to grow
200
Name the type of rocks that are "changed" by great heat and pressure inside the Earth(like sandstone changing into quartzite).
metamorphic
200
What is weathering?
natural force breaks rocks into smaller and smaller types
300
What is the hardest mineral on the Mohs' Scale of hardness?
Diamond
300
A hot liquid material inside Earth. 

What is magma?

300

Part of soil that include living materials and materials that were once alive. 

What is organic matter?

300
What kind of rock is formed by lava or magma (molten rock) being cooled and becoming solid (examples- granite and obsidian)?
igneous
300
What are the types of weathering?
breaking, running water, wind, frost cracking, chemical weathering, reaction with oxygen, organisms
400
What tests are used to find out the kind of mineral?
Moh's Scale for Hardness, Streak test, acid test, looking at color, luster
400

Cracks in the lithosphere where rock has shifted

What are faults? 

400

Explain what type of grains sandy soil and clay soil have.

Clay soil has fine tightly packed grains, sandy soil has large loose grains

400

Rocks are made of mixtures of 

Minerals

400

Causes the movement of Earth's plates

Magma underneath Earth's surface. 

500
Can more than one mineral share the same properties?
No, each mineral has its own set of properties. No two minerals have the same set of properties.
500

Most volcanoes form at plates moving in this way?

Converging 

500
What is the best type of soil for growing most plants?
topsoil
500

Igneous rock will turn into metamorphic rock when this happens

heat and pressure 

500
Explain the rock cycle.
Never ending process, igneous forms from magma or lava, weathering breaks igneous into sediments & then under great heat and pressure inside the earth's crust igneous and sedimentary rocks are changed int a new form of metamorphic
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