The Rock Cycle
What type of rock is made from cooled magma or lava?
Igneous
How are minerals different from rocks?
Minerals are made of a single substance while rocks are made of several minerals combined together.
What layer of soil do plants grow in?
Topsoil
What is weathering?
Weathering is when a rock breaks or wears away.
What is erosion?
Erosion is the process in which rock and soil are removed from land and carried away.
What two things are required to make metamorphic rock?
Heat and pressure
What is luster?
Luster is a property of rocks that tells how shiny the rock is.
What are the bottom two layers of soil called?
Subsoil and parent material
Name one thing that can cause chemical weathering.
Acid rain or chemicals from plants
Name one thing that can cause erosion.
Answers may vary.
What type of rock is formed from particles that settle in layers?
Sedimentary
What is streak?
Streak is the color of the mineral in powdered form.
Name two ingredients of soil.
Rock particles (sediment), air, water, and decomposing (organic) matter
Name two things than can cause physical weathering.
Wind, water, ice, or plants
Name something else that can cause erosion.
Answers may vary.
This type of sedimentary rock often contains fossils.
Limestone
What is the hardest mineral?
A diamond
Name one type of soil.
Sand, silt, clay
What is root wedging?
Root wedging is when a root grows in a crack in the rock and slowly breaks the rock apart.
What is deposition?
The process by which rock and soil is left in a new place.
This metamorphic rock is often used to make countertops for your kitchen.
Granite
What is cleavage?
What is a section of soil that includes all the layers called?
A soil profile
What is ice wedging?
Ice wedging is when water gets into a crack in the rock and freezes. The rock is split by the expanding ice.
What is a delta?
A delta is a triangle-shaped area of sediment at the bottom or end of a river.