Government Vocabulary
What is an "autocratic government"?
A system where one person has all the power, without democratic elections.
Which country has an absolute monarchy and does not allow free parliamentary elections?
Saudi Arabia.
What does "specialization" mean in economic terms?
The concentration of resources on producing certain goods or services in which a country has a comparative advantage.
What is a "tariff" in international trade?
A tax placed on imported goods to raise their price and protect domestic producers.
What is "human capital" and how does it affect economic growth?
Human capital refers to the skills, knowledge, and abilities of the workforce, which directly impacts productivity and economic growth.
What does "parliamentary republic" mean?
A system where the executive power comes from the parliament, and the president's role is mainly ceremonial.
Which country has a parliamentary system with a president elected by popular vote?
Turkey.
Why do the countries of Southwest Asia specialize in oil production?
Because they have large reserves of oil, giving them an advantage in the production and export of this resource.
What does "import quota" mean?
A limit imposed by a country on the amount of a product that can be imported.
Why are investments in infrastructure important for economic growth?
Infrastructure (like roads, ports, and telecommunications) facilitates trade, boosts productivity, and enables greater economic efficiency.
What is a "constitutional monarchy"?
A government system where a king or queen is the leader, but their power is limited by a constitution.
In which country is the government based on a democratic parliamentary system with a prime minister and a president?
Israel.
What economic sector specializes in manufacturing technological and electronic products in Turkey?
The manufacturing sector, especially in the production of electronic products and machinery.
What trade barrier can make it difficult for a product to access a market if it doesn't meet quality standards?
"Quality regulations" or "technical standards."
What role do natural resources play in the economic growth of countries in Southwest Asia?
Natural resources, particularly oil, are key to economic growth as they provide significant export income.
What is a "unitary state"?
A political system where power is concentrated in a central government and is not divided between different levels of government.
In which country does the king have significant power, but there are some restrictions due to a consultative council?
Saudi Arabia.
What product is essential to Israel's economic specialization?
Technology and innovation, particularly in fields like cybersecurity, agricultural sciences, and biotechnology.
What kind of trade barrier is used to protect domestic industries from foreign competition?
"Subsidies," which are government financial aids to reduce the cost of domestic production.
How does political stability impact economic growth?
Political stability is crucial as it provides a secure environment for investment and fosters confidence both internally and externally.
What is a "federal government"?
A system in which power is shared between a central government and local or regional governments.
Which country has a mixed system, with parliamentary democracy and a limited presidential role?
Turkey.
Why has Saudi Arabia specialized primarily in the export of oil and natural gas?
Due to its vast reserves of oil and its crucial role in the global energy market as a producer.
How can trade barriers affect consumers in the market?
Trade barriers can raise prices, limit available options, and reduce competition.
Why is education crucial for fostering economic growth?
An educated population is better able to innovate, start businesses, and adapt to new technologies, which increases competitiveness and economic growth.