The amber-colored liquid formed in nephrons from substances(such as toxins, urea, water, and mineral salts) removed from the blood by the kidneys
What is urine
100
The process whereby materials from the blood are forced out of the glomerulus and into the Bowman's capsule.
What is filtration
100
The process whereby substances that were removed from the body through filtration are returned to the blood through selective transportation
What is reabsorption
100
The area of the kidney where all urine from several renal tubules ends up.
What is the collecting duct
200
The inner two-thirds of the kidney
What is the renal medulla
200
The cup-shaped capsule that surrounds a tight ball of capillaries that retains cells and large milecules in the blood and passes wastes dissolved in water through the nephron
What is the Bowman's capsule
200
Blood in the glomerulus is under ______________ which ensures absorption of water, urea, glucose, bitamins and salts through the glomerulus and into the Bowman's capsule
What is high blood pressure
200
The area of the kidney where that majority of reabsorption takes place.
What is the proximal convoluted tubule
200
The Loop of Henle creates and maintains a high concentration of __________ ___________
What is sodium chloride
300
funnel-shaped structure in the center of the kidney
What is the renal pelvis
300
The fine network of capillaries within the Bowman's capsule
What is a glomerulus
300
The fluid that enters the nephron that does not contain large protein molecules(if the kidney is healthy)
What is the filtrate
300
The amount of water in the filtrate that is returned to the capillaries through osmosis within the proximal convoluted tubule.
What is 75%
300
Urine is further concentrated in the collecting duct by the process of __________ through the wall of the duct.
What is osmosis
400
The vessel through which blood leaves the kidney
What is the renal vein
400
Each kidney consists of more than ______________ nephrons
What is a million
400
The amount of the fluid portion of the blood that filters into the Bowman's capsule
What is one-fifth
400
The type of tranport that allows glucose and minerals such as sodium potassium and calcium to be returned to the blood.
What is active transport
400
Osmosis and reabsorption combined returns _________ % of every 100 mL of water in the filtrate to the blood.
What is 99%
500
Transports nutrients and wastes to the kidneys
What is the renal artery
500
The part of the kidney that the material from filtered from the blood flows through. It consists of the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, and the distal convoluted tubule.
What is the renal tubule
500
The amount of the fluid portion of the blood that remains in the capilarries along with protein molecules that are too large to pass through the capillary walls
What is four-fifths
500
The process whereby substances such as wastes and toxic materials pass from the blood into the filtrate.
What is secretion
500
The site where chloride ions are transported from the filtrate to the fluid between the loops and collecting duct.