Rock Cycle & Types of Rocks
What are the three main types of rocks?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
What causes earthquakes?
Movement of tectonic plates.
What is the largest ocean on Earth?
The Pacific Ocean.
What causes hurricanes to form?
Warm ocean waters and low air pressure.
What gases contribute to climate change?
Carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O).
What process forms sedimentary rock?
Compaction and cementation of sediments.
What is the Ring of Fire?
A region around the Pacific Ocean with many volcanoes and earthquakes.
What drives ocean currents?
Wind, temperature, salinity, and Earth's rotation.
What is a tornado?
A rapidly spinning column of air.
What human activity releases the most CO₂?
Burning fossil fuels.
What type of rock forms from cooling magma?
Igneous rock.
What is magma called when it reaches the surface?
Lava.
What is the deepest part of the ocean?
The Mariana Trench.
What scale measures hurricane strength?
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.
What is the greenhouse effect?
Trapping of heat in Earth's atmosphere.
What causes metamorphic rock to form?
Heat and pressure.
What type of fault creates earthquakes?
Transform fault.
What is coral bleaching?
Loss of color in coral due to environmental stress.
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is short-term; climate is long-term atmospheric trends.
What is the main cause of sea level rise?
Melting ice caps and thermal expansion.
What is the continuous process that changes rocks over time?
The rock cycle.
What tool measures earthquake magnitude?
Seismometer.
Why is plankton important to marine ecosystems?
They are the base of the ocean food chain.
What type of cloud is associated with thunderstorms?
Cumulonimbus cloud.
What is an example of a renewable energy source that reduces CO₂ emissions?
Solar power.