Prenatal Development
Physical Development
Cognitive Development
Emotional and Social Development
Surprise
100
Beatrice has smoked throughout her pregnancy. Now in her seventh month, Beatrice is considering quitting. You can tell her that _______. A) the damage was already done during the zygotic period. B) if she quits now, she reduces the likelihood that her baby will be born underweight. C) the damage was already done during the embryonic period. D) quitting now will not reduce the likelihood that her baby will have colic.
B) if she quits now, she reduces the likelihood that her baby will be born underweight.
100
School-age children report which of the following after eating junk foods? A) They feel better. B) They focus better. C) They are happier. D) They feel sluggish.
D) They feel sluggish.
100
TRUE OR FALSE? In academic preschools, teachers provide activities from which children select, and most of the day is devoted to play.
FALSE
100
Why should parents refrain from finding fault with their teenagers in public?
Teens already tend to believe that they are the focus of everyone else’s attention and concern, so critical remarks in public can be mortifying.
100
The central questions addressed by the field of child development _______. A) are primarily of scientific interest. B) have applied, or practical, importance. C) are based exclusively on research conducted by psychologists. D) involve all changes a person experiences throughout the lifespan.
B) have applied, or practical, importance.
200
Caffeine use during pregnancy ______. A) can result in low birth weight. B) is only safe during the first trimester. C) can result in gross fetal abnormalities. D) is linked to respiratory distress in childbirth.
A) can result in low birth weight.
200
Seven-year-old Derek is having problems with bedwetting at night. Which of the following is probably true? A) Derek has not seen a health professional about his problem. B) Derek will outgrow this problem by age 8 or 9. C) When Derek’s parents punish him for wetting, he wets less often. D) Derek’s problem is a learned behavior, rather than a biological issue.
A) Derek has not seen a health professional about his problem.
200
Which of the following is true about ADHD? A) Boys are diagnosed about four times as often as girls. B) Girls are diagnosed about twice as often as boys. C) ADHD affects about 15 percent of U.S. school children. D) All children with ADHD are hyperactive.
A) Boys are diagnosed about four times as often as girls.
200
Mrs. Cybrig would like to help her low-effort daughter gain a sense of academic competence. Which of the following would you recommend to her? A) Select tasks that challenge, but do not overwhelm her daughter. B) Attribute her daughter’s successes to intelligence rather than effort. C) Compare her daughter to her higher-achieving son by using prizes for good grades. D) Select tasks that her daughter can easily do, so she can have success.
A) Select tasks that challenge, but do not overwhelm her daughter.
200
Theorists who believe that children who are high or low in a characteristic will remain so at later ages typically stress the importance of _______ A) heredity. B) stages. C) nurture. D) plasticity.
A) heredity.
300
In healthy, physically fit women, ___________ exercise is related to _________. A) aerobic; low birth weight B) vigorous; a reduction in the risk of high blood pressure C) moderate; a reduction in the risk of maternal diabetes D) frequent; high birth weight
C) moderate; a reduction in the risk of maternal diabetes
300
On average, girls reach puberty ________ than boys.
2 years earlier
300
TRUE or FALSE? Head Start and similar interventions are highly cost-effective when compared with the cost of providing special education, treating criminal behavior and delinquency, and supporting unemployed adults.
TRUE
300
Compared with U.S. children, Asian children ______. A) score lower in self-esteem. B) have lower academic achievement. C) rely more on social comparisons to promote their self-esteem. D) are reserved in their praise of others.
A) score lower in self-esteem.
300
Unlike Piaget, Vygotsky _______. A) emphasized children’s capacity to shape their own development. B) viewed cognitive development as a socially mediated process. C) believed that children undergo certain stagewise changes. D) focused on discontinuous change.
B) viewed cognitive development as a socially mediated process.
400
Sophie weighed 8.9 pounds when she was born. Research shows that she is at an increased risk of ________ in adulthood. A) breast cancer B) lung cancer C) heart disease D) stroke
A) breast cancer
400
Justine, whose mother is a fitness buff, joined a gymnastics club at the age of 2. Which of the following is a likely outcome for Justine? A) She will acquire the skills necessary for gymnastics earlier than her peers. B) She will soon lose interest in gymnastics. C) She will be more influenced by her coach than by her mother. D) She will be a lifelong sports enthusiast.
B) She will soon lose interest in gymnastics.
400
________ is emphasized on intelligence tests. A) Divergent thinking B) Creativity C) Convergent thinking D) Metacognition
C) Convergent thinking
400
Teachers who emphasize learning over getting good grades tend to have _______. A) average to below-average achieving students. B) more learned-helpless students. C) mastery-oriented students. D) students who have low motivation and achievement.
C) mastery-oriented students.
400
Dr. Brenneman’s research shows that participation in music programs is positively related to grades in school. Based on the findings from this one study, what can Dr. Brenneman conclude? A) Participating in music programs causes grades to decrease. B) Participating in music programs causes grades to increase. C) Children who participate in music programs have higher grades. D) Children who participate in music programs have lower grades.
C) Children who participate in music programs have higher grades.
500
Marzanne is pregnant and wonders how much weight she should gain. Her doctor will probably recommend that she gain _______ to _______ pounds.
25 to 30 pounds
500
By the school years, low-SES children in the United States are, on average, _______. A) no different in size than their middle-SES agemates. B) less likely than middle-SES children to have dietary deficiencies. C) much more likely to be overweight than middle-SES children. D) about ½ to 1 inch shorter than their economically advantaged counterparts.
D) about ½ to 1 inch shorter than their economically advantaged counterparts.
500
Brandon solves the hypothetical problem: “Marie is taller than Gina, and Gina is taller than Anna. Who is the tallest?” Brandon is probably ____ years old.
11 years old
500
About _______ percent of children are repeatedly victimized by bullies. A) 3 to 7 B) 9 to 12 C) 15 to 30 D) 35 to 50
C) 15 to 30
500
According to ecological systems theory, a parent’s workplace is in the ________. A) microsystem. B) mesosystem. C) exosystem. D) macrosystem.
C) exosystem.
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