Muscles
Gas Exchange and Ventilation
Respiration and Gas Exchange in the lung
Blood
The heart and circulation
100

Muscle fibers are excitable and carry *BLANK BLANK* along their membrane. 

What are action potentials 

100

The partial pressure of a gas in a fluid represents the quantity of gas *BLANK* in the fluid when the gas molecules enter and leave the liquid at the same rate, or when the gas in the state and the liquid state are in equilibrium.

What is dissolved.

100

The human lung is filled by *BLANK* pressure.

What is negative pressure.
100

A function of blood includes the transport of *BLANK* and maintenance of body temperature.

What is heat.

100

*BLANK* are the smallest arteries.

What are arterioles.

200

When Ca2+ levels increase in the cytosol, Ca2+ binds to *BLANK*

What is troponin (TN).

200

Respiration using oxygen is known as *BLANK BLANK*, while respiration without oxygen is known as *BLANK BLANK*.

What is aerobic respiration; anaerobic respiration. 

200

The entire lung is filled with tiny circular structure called *BLANK*.

What are alveoli.

200

Myoglobin consists of only *BLANK* subunit and is found in muscles. It acts as a local store of *BLANK*.

What is one (1); oxygen 

200

Blood is moved throughout the body by *BLANK BLANK*.

What is bulk flow.
300

A motor unit refers to a group of muscle fibers controlled by *BLANK (number)* motor neurons. 

What is one (1). 

300

Atmospheric air mainly consists of *BLANK* and *BLANK* plus small amounts of CO2 and minuscule amounts of other gases.

What are nitrogen and oxygen.

300

In *BLANK BLANK* a pressure difference causes all molecules to move in the same direction. IN *BLANK* molecules are moving randomly in all directions.

What is bulk flow; diffusion.

300

Each subunit of hemoglobin contains a *BLANK BLANK* surrounded by Nitrogens and a "globin" protein

What is a heme group.
300

Heart muscle cell action potentials are initiated by *BLANK* cells that spontaneously generate action potentials.

What are autorhythmic cells (pacemaker cells).

400

The time course of a single twitch reflects the time it take Ca2+ to reach the *BLANK* and then to diffuse away.

What are myofibrils.

400

The difference in *BLANK BLANK* is the driving force that moves gas from one location to another.

What is partial pressure.
400

The thoracic cavity is covered by a membrane called the *BLANK BLANK* while the lungs are surrounded by *BLANK BLANK*.

What is the thoracic pleura; lung pleura

400

When CO2 rapidly diffuses out of the blood, *BLANK* is converted to CO2, and CO2 unbinds from Hb. This adds to the CO2 that diffuses out into the alveoli and is removed by the lungs.

What is HCO3-

400

Action potentials start in the pacemaker on the *BLANK BLANK*.

What is the right atrium.

500

The contraction of skeletal muscle is much more sustained than in smooth muscle because smooth muscle contraction is controlled by *BLANK BLANK BLANK*.

What is the autonomic nervous system

500

Diffuse of gas across a sheet of tissue follow the equation Q = KA(P1-P2)(1/d), where Q = *BLANK*, K = *BLANK* and d = *BLNAK*.

What is the rate of diffusion; constant depending on temperature; the thickness of the material.

500

The*BLANK BLANK* represents the maximum volume of air that can be exchanged with a maximum inhalation and exhalation whereas *BLANK BLANK* is the small amount of air still remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation.

What is vital capacity; residual volume.

500

During exercise, increased ventilation seems to be driven by the *BLANK*, which senses the increase in motor impulses to the stimulating muscles.

What is the brain

500

The aortic valve closes because of the higher *BLANK BLANK* in the aorta.

What is the diastolic pressure.

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