Under Pressure
Interventions that can reduce the risk of developing hypertension
What is reduce etoh intake, control DM, cholesterol control, proper diet (low Na), weight control, physical exercise, stress reduction, decrease or quit smoking
The force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels
What is Blood Pressure?
Crackles, pink-frothy sputum, orthopnea, weakness
What are clinical manifestations (s/s) of Left sided HF?
Manifestation of myocardial ischemia
What is Angina
Intermittent claudication (definition)
What is ischemic muscle pain created with exercise/activity, severe cramping and resolves with rest?
Stage 2 hypertension (the values)
What is SBP 140 or above over 90 or above
Thickening of the chamber causing the heart to not pump effectively
What is (LV) hypertrophy?
Nursing intervention(s) and management for a patient with heart failure?
What is assess daily weights, pt. teaching on monitor weight, NA restrictive diet, report increase weight, patient education related to medications, s/s of exacerbation, ensure adequate CO, CV assessment, assess O2, assess i/o, monitor for edema, encourage vaccinations, proper positioning
Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, tobacco use, diabetes
What can lead to (or cause) Coronary Artery Disease(CAD)?
Low fat dairy, lean proteins, plenty of grains, fruits and vegetables
What is the recommended cardiac diet or DASH diet?
The biggest problem/effects of hypertension
What end organ damage?
Blood from the R ventricle gets pumped into this artery
What is the pulmonary artery/pulmonary arteries?
JVD, dependent edema, weight gain
What are clinical manifestations (s/s) of R sided HF?
What causes angina?
What is narrowing of 1 or more of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis; insufficient blood flow to the heart
Lab values: prefer less than 200
More than 45 in males and more than 55 in females (2-part answer)
What is total cholesterol (less than 200).
What is HDL?
Greater than 180/greater than 120
What is hypertensive crisis?
Blood flows from the pulmonary vein through this valve to the L ventricle
What is the mitral valve?
Primary risk factors for the development of HF
What is HTN and CAD?
When stable angina becomes unstable angina
What is Acute Coronary Syndrome or an MI
S/S include lower extremity edema, thick hardened skin, non-healing wounds
What is peripheral vascular disease (Chronic Venous Insufficiency-CVI)
DASH diet, monitor for CAD, PVD, teach med compliance and risk reduction
What is nursing management of the patient with htn?
Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute
What is cardiac output (CO)
Pleural effusions, renal issues, anemia, dysrhythmias
What are complications of heart failure?
What is Prinzmetals angina?
Signs and symptoms include tachycardia, sudden chest pain, dyspnea
What is a pulmonary embolism (PE)?