Shimon HaTzaddik & His Era
The first individual chacham mentioned in Mishnah, according to the Rambam.
Shimon HaTzaddik
Where did Alexander allow some Jews to build another temple
Har Grizzim, initiated by Sanvallet
Why were they called Tzdukkim and Baytusim
Because the leaders of the factions that misunderstood a teaching were named Tzadok and Baytos
In the 410 years of Bayis Rishon there were only 18 Kohanei Gedolim, but in Bayis Sheini there were approximately this many—most lasting only one year.
over 300
This pair was the first of the Zugos,
Who are Yosei ben Yo’ezer and Yosei ben Yochanan?
What role did Shimon Hatzadik play in Alexander the Great not destroying the Bais Hamikdash
When he met Alexander the Great, Alexander bowed to him because this was how he recognized Shimon from his dreams before battle.
This dating system began the year Alexander reached Yerushalayim and remained in Jewish use for over 1,000 years.
What is Minyan Shtaros
אַל תִּהְיוּ כַעֲבָדִים הַמְשַׁמְּשִׁין אֶת הָרַב עַל מְנָת לְקַבֵּל פְּרָס, אֶלָּא הֱווּ כַעֲבָדִים הַמְשַׁמְּשִׁין אֶת הָרַב שֶׁלֹּא עַל מְנָת לְקַבֵּל פְּרָס, וִיהִי מוֹרָא שָׁמַיִם עֲלֵיכֶם:
This dispute led to the Kohen Gadol being forced by Beis Din to swear he would follow proper procedure in the Avodah.
What is the dispute with the Tziddukim over the Ketores procedure?
The first major machlokes recorded among the chachamim was about
Semicha on a karban yachid on Yuntiff
When did he start being called "Shimon Hatzaddik"
Tiferes Yisroel-Only later after so many bad kohein gadols, he was given the title to distinguish that he was a good one
How did Sender become a Jewish Name
Raavid- All boys named the year after Alexander didn't destroy the Beis Hamikdash were named Alexander
Who did the Tziddukim ultimately join up with
Sanvallat on Har Grizzim
This controversial offshoot temple in Egypt was founded by Chonyo after the incident involving women’s clothing.
What is Beis Chonyo?
Yosi Ben Yoezer-Nasi
Yosi ben Yochanan- Av Beis Din
What might have been Shimon Hatzaddik's alter ego
Abarbanel writes he was Yehoshua Kohein Gadol
How did Minyan Shtaros start
Raavid- Part of Pius of Alexander to not destroy the Beis Hamikdash
Gra-He wanted to put a tzelem in the Beis Hamikdash
Whats the Machlokes Rashbam Rambam on the thought process of the Tziddukim
Rambam- Kofer totally, realized was too radical, just kofer torah shebaal peh
Rashbam- Heard a chazal that didnt make sense, decided all chazals dont make sense, kofer in torah shebaal peh
This led Chazal to establish Rosh Chodesh Nissan through 8 Nissan as days of celebration after defeating the Tziddukim regarding this machlokes
Who funds the Karban Tamid
His tragic encounter with his uncle on the way to execution led him to repent and take his own life through all four misos Beis Din.
Who is Yakum (the nephew of Yosei ben Yo’ezer)?
List 3 nissim that happened in the Bais Hamikdash that stopped after Shimon died
אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה שֶׁשִּׁמֵּשׁ שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק, הָיָה גּוֹרָל עוֹלֶה בְּיָמִין. מִכָּאן וְאֵילָךְ, פְּעָמִים עוֹלֶה בְּיָמִין פְּעָמִים עוֹלֶה בִּשְׂמֹאל. וְהָיָה לָשׁוֹן שֶׁל זְהוֹרִית מַלְבִּין. מִכָּאן וְאֵילָךְ, פְּעָמִים מַלְבִּין פְּעָמִים אֵינוֹ מַלְבִּין. וְהָיָה נֵר מַעֲרָבִי דּוֹלֵק. מִכָּאן וְאֵילָךְ, פְּעָמִים דּוֹלֵק פְּעָמִים כָּבֶה.
וְהָיָה אֵשׁ שֶׁל מַעֲרָכָה מִתְגַּבֵּר, וְלֹא הָיוּ כֹּהֲנִים צְרִיכִין לְהָבִיא עֵצִים לְמַעֲרָכָה, חוּץ מִשְּׁנֵי גְּזִירֵי עֵצִים כְּדֵי לְקַיֵּים מִצְוַת עֵצִים. מִכָּאן וְאֵילָךְ, פְּעָמִים מִתְגַּבֵּר פְּעָמִים אֵין מִתְגַּבֵּר, וְלֹא הָיוּ כֹּהֲנִים נִמְנָעִין מִלְּהָבִיא עֵצִים לַמַּעֲרָכָה כׇּל הַיּוֹם כּוּלּוֹ.
וְנִשְׁתַּלְּחָה בְּרָכָה בָּעוֹמֶר, וּבִשְׁתֵּי הַלֶּחֶם, וּבְלֶחֶם הַפָּנִים. וְכׇל כֹּהֵן שֶׁמַּגִּיעוֹ כְּזַיִת, יֵשׁ אוֹכְלוֹ וְשָׂבֵעַ, וְיֵשׁ אוֹכְלוֹ וּמוֹתִיר. מִכָּאן וְאֵילָךְ, נִשְׁתַּלְּחָה מְאֵירָה בָּעוֹמֶר וּבִשְׁתֵּי הַלֶּחֶם וּבְלֶחֶם הַפָּנִים, וְכׇל כֹּהֵן מַגִּיעוֹ כְּפוּל. הַצְּנוּעִין מוֹשְׁכִין אֶת יְדֵיהֶן, וְהַגַּרְגְּרָנִין נוֹטְלִין וְאוֹכְלִין.
Who led klal yisroel during the Maaseh of the Targum Shiviim
Rashash- around Yosi ben Yoezer and Yosi ben Yochanan
Name another title for the tziddukim
Rambam/Ramban- Karites
Was Ezra a Kohein Gadol during bayis sheni, and bring a proof
Rambam, Tos Rid- Yes, raayah that he brought the Parah Adumah
Everyone else- No
How many people were on the Sanhedrin HaGadol once a Nasi was instituted
Rashash-72
Rambam- 71