Section 4
A thick, slimy fluid that provides lubrication to further reduce friction between the bones of the joint; this fluid also provides nourishment to the articular cartilage, which does not contain blood vessels
Synovial fluid
For the vertebral column, _______ (or anterior ______) is an anterior (forward) bending of the neck or trunk
flexion
The ____ joint is a uniaxial hinge joint formed by the humeroulnar joint, the articulation between the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna.
elbow
The joints between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae can contribute to which movement?
lateral flexion
Which motion moves the bottom of the foot away from the midline of the body?
Eversion
A fibrous connective tissue structure that is attached to each bone just outside the area of the bone’s articulating surface
Articular capsule
This moves the limb laterally away from the midline of the body
Abduction
The _______ is formed by the talocrural joint
ankle
The ankle joint is a _____ (directions of movement) hinge joint
uniaxial
The proximal radioulnar joint develop at an _______ site
interzone
The convex end of one bone articulates with the concave end of the adjoining bone
Hinge joint
The movement of a body region in a circular manner, in which one end of the body region being moved stays relatively stationary while the other end describes a circle
Circumduction
This joint has the largest range of motion of any joint in the body
shoulder/glenohumeral joint
The synovial joints will form between the adjacent cartilage models, in an area called the
joint interzone
The epiphyseal plate of a growing long bone in a child is classified as a
synchondrosis
The joint with the greatest range of motion
ball-and-socket joint
This describes turning the bottom of the foot toward the midline
inversion
The joint that allows for opening (mandibular depression) and closing (mandibular elevation) of the mouth, as well as side-to-side and protraction/retraction motions of the lower jaw.
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilages, and connective tissues of the body is called
mesenchyme
Movement of a body region in a circular movement at a condyloid joint is what type of motion?
Circumduction
Common disorder of synovial joints that involves inflammation of the joint
Arthritis
When the palm of the hand faces backward, the forearm is in the _______ position, and the radius and ulna form an X-shape
pronated (pronation)
In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called
zygapophysial joints (facet joints)
The bones that form the base and facial regions of the skull develop through the process of
endochondral ossification
The proximal radioulnar joint is supported by the _______ ligament
annular