Vocab
A prior court case is used to base decisions of new court cases.
What is precedent?
Established judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
The right to free speech.
What is the first amendment?
The 3 levels of the federal court system.
What is District, appeals, and supreme court?
Courts authority to hear and decide cases.
What is jurisdiction?
A statement a judge writes when a court makes a decision.
Opinion
Declared the Bank of the U.S. constitutional and ruled a state cannot tax instruments of the federal government.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
The right to a jury, protection against double jeopardy.
What is the fifth amendment?
The top of the federal court system.
What is the supreme court?
The ability of the courts to hear a case for the first time.
What is original jurisdiction?
Dispute between 2 private parties or a private party and the government.
What is civil dispute?
Black people, free or enslaved, were not citizens, and could not sue in federal court.
What is Dred Scot v. Sanford.
The right to a fair and speedy trial.
What is the sixth amendment?
Federal court where trials are held and lawsuits begin. Only federal court with jury trial.
What is district courts?
The ability of the supreme court to decide if a law is unconstitutional.
What is judicial review?
Asserts that judicial review should be constrained to decisions that adhere to current constitutional and case precedent.
What is judicial restraint?
Upheld racial segregation. (separate but equal)
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
No cruel or unusual punishment, no excessive bail.
What is the eighth amendment?
Reviews court decisions made by lower courts, looking for mistakes.
What is appeals courts?
Only federal courts can hear these cases
What is exclusive jurisdiction?
Asserts that judicial review allows the courts to overturn current constitutional and case precedent or invalidate legislative or executive acts.
What is Judicial activism?
Ruled that Japanese Americans forced into containment camps was valid and constitutional and did not show racial prejudice.
What is Korematsu v. United States?
Rights stated in the constitution shall not be imposed on.
What is the ninth amendment?
Determine facts of the case. Trial courts for both civil and criminal cases.
What is federal district courts?
State and federal courts can hear these cases.
What is concurrent jurisdiction?