Types of Courts
These courts have one judge, a jury, and hear cases for the first time.
Trial Courts
How many Supreme Court justices are there?
9
The person being charged with a crime, or being sued by another person.
Defendant
The final decision of the Supreme Court, when it hears a case, is called the "_______ opinion."
Majority Opinion
This man was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during its most important period.
John Marshall
90% of all criminal and civil cases happen in these courts.
State Courts
How long does each side get to present their case in front of the Supreme Court?
30 minutes
People brought in to testify about what they saw, heard, etc.
If a Supreme Court Justice disagrees with the Court's majority decision, they may write a "__________ opinion."
Dissenting Opinion
"District Courts" are the Federal name for this kind of court.
Trial Courts
This court is the highest court in the United States of America.
How many Supreme Court Justices need to agree before they will hear your case?
4 out of 9
Federal Cases, and some States, require that you have a "_____ ____" to decide if the trial is even going to happen.
Grand Jury
If a Supreme Court Justice agrees with the majority decision, but for different reasons, they may choose to write a "__________ opinion."
Concurring Opinion
The United States uses a "____ _____ _____," where cases are heard in both State Courts and Federal Courts, depending on the crime.
Dual Court System
These are the highest courts in each individual state.
State Supreme Courts
The Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional.
Judicial Review.
This case established that the Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional, giving them the power of judicial review.
Marbury v. Madison
Trial courts have this kind of jurisdiction, which allows them to hear a case for the first time.
Original Jurisdiction
"Court of Appeals" is the Federal name for these kinds of courts.
Appellate Courts
These types of courts have three judges, and hear appeals at the state-level.
Appellate Courts
If the Supreme Court agrees to hear your case, they are granting you a "____ __ _________."
Writ of Certiorari
This case established the Supremacy Clause.
Appellate courts have this kind of jurisdiction, allowing them to heal appeals.
Appellate Jurisdiction
When two states sue each other, this court hears the case.
Supreme Court