10. Which side won the case of McCulloch v. Maryland?
McCulloch -- The National Bank/Government
100
11. Which side won in the case of Dred Scott v. Sanford
Sanford -- They said Scott was not a free man
100
20. Who won the case of Plessy v. Ferguson?
Ferguson
100
21. How many total Amendments are there?
27
200
2. Explain the power of Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a national or state law unconstitutional
200
9. Much like other cases decided by John Marshall's Supreme Court, did McCulloch v. Maryland give more power to the National or State governments?
National Government
200
12. Which part of the United States was happy with the decision in the Dred Scott case? Why?
The South -- because it protected the property rights of slave owners
200
19. Which law was broken by Plessy, and what type of law was it?
1) The Separate Car Act
2) Jim Crow Law -- for Racial Segregation
200
22. How many justices are on the supreme court?
Nine
300
3. Who was the Chief Justice during the case of Marbury v. Madison?
John Marshall
300
8. What was the basic decision in the case of McCulloch v. Maryland?
1) National Bank IS constitutional
2) Maryland - a state - DOES NOT have the power to tax the National Bank
300
13. Based on the decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford, what law was considered unconstitutional?
The Missouri Compromise -- Court said congress could not ban slavery in a state or territory
300
18. Which Amendment did Plessy use to support his case, and what does that Amendment state?
The 14th Amendment -- Which says that all states must provide "equal protection of the law" to its citizens
300
23. Give the name of the Chief Justice in each of the cases that we've read
Marbury + McCulloch = Justice Marshall
Dred Scott = Justice Taney
Plessy = Justice Brown
400
4. Where does the power of "Judicial Review" actually come from?
The supreme court gave itself the power in the case of Marbury v. Madison -- it is NOT in the constitution
400
7. Which 'clause' of the constitution did McCulloch use to support his argument that Congress had the "implied" power to create a National Bank?
The 'Necessary and Proper' clause - Also known as the "Elastic Clause" (Article I, Section 8)
400
14. What is something that both Dred Scott v. Sanford and Plessy v. Ferguson have in common?
Both court decisions did not protect the rights of African-American minorities
400
17. Give some examples of other Jim Crow laws or etiquette that the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson made legal in the south?
1) Separate schools for blacks and whites
2) Illegal for whites to marry blacks
3) Only whites could sit in the front of bussed
400
24. Explain the term "precedent"
A decision that is made by a court about a specific issue, which is then followed later on by other courts
500
5) Who was Marbury and why was he suing Madison?
Marbury was appointed to be a judge by Adams, but not given his papers. Sued Madison because Madison was the new Secretary of State, who wouldn't appoint him.
500
6. Which Amendment did Maryland focus on to show that they should have the power as a state to tax the National Bank?
10th Amendment -- All powers not delegated to the national government in the constitution are reserved for the states
500
15. What was Scott's argument about why he should be a free man?
He had been taken by his owner to a Free State (Illinois) and was therefore free ("Once free, Always free")
500
16. Which court case in 1954 overturned the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson about whether segregation was constitutional?
Brown v. Board of Education
500
25. Who nominates and who approves Supreme Court Judges?