Courtroom lingo
This type of court is beneath the Supreme Court and handles most federal cases.
What are inferior courts.
This judicial philosophy encourages judges to make bold policy decisions that pertain to today's societal values
What is judicial activism?
He was the first Chief Justice to greatly expand the power of the Supreme Court.
Who was john marshall?
Hamilton argued that the judiciary is the “least dangerous branch” because it lacks these two powers.
What are the purse and the sword? (power of money and war)
This amendment protects freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
What is the 1st amendment?
This type of jurisdiction allows both federal and state courts to hear a case.
What is concurrent jurisdiction?
This philosophy encourages judges to stick to the exact meaning of the Constitution and not approve laws that go against its values.
What is judicial restraint?
She was a champion of gender equality and women’s rights on the Court.
Who was ruth bader ginsburg?
Hamilton believed judges should serve this long to maintain independence.
What are lifetime appointments?
This amendment ended slavery in all states.
What is the 13th Amendment?
In a court case, this is the person who brings the complaint or files the suit.
Who is the plaintiff?
The opinion of the winning side in the Supreme Court is called this.
what is The majority opinion
Before becoming a justice, he argued Brown v. Board of Education as the first African American in the Supreme Court.
Who was Thurgood Marshall?
Hamilton warned that if judges were elected for short terms, this might happen.
What they could be influenced by politics or public opinion?
This amendment guarantees equal protection under the law.
What is the 14th amendment?
The principle that courts should follow prior decisions is known as this.
What is the precedent?
This opinion is written by justices who agree with the majority but for different reasons.
what is a concurring opinion?
A current justice known for his conservative originalist philosophy.
Who is Clarence Thomas?
This amendment limits the president to two terms due to events surrounding FDR’s four elections.
What is the 22nd amendment?
This amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920.
What is the nineteenth amendment?
This order from the Supreme Court tells a lower court to send up a case record for review.
What is a writ of certiorari?
This case established judicial review in 1803.
What is marbury vs madison?
How many justices were in the Supreme Court when it was first established versus how many are in now?
Started off with five associate judges and one chief justice, now we have eight associate judges and one chief justice.
Give me a counterargument for Hamilton's two main points. (lifetime appoinments and seperate judiciary)
Judges who never face reelection or reappointment may become disconnected from public needs or shifting interpretations of justice.
Hamilton believed lifetime appointments prevent political pressure, but they can also create a judiciary that is slow to adapt to societal change.
While Hamilton argues that an independent judiciary is essential to protect citizens’ rights, too much independence can create a branch of government that lacks accountability. Judges who are shielded from public input or term limits may make decisions that do not reflect the will or needs of the people. Some oversight or periodic review could balance independence with responsibility.
This amendment’s Equal Protection Clause requires states to treat all citizens fairly under the law.
What is the 14th amendment?