checks and balances
Has power to invalidate acts of the legislative and executive branches that violate the constitution
judicial review
94 trial courts, the starting point for most federal cases
U.S. District court
type of case where the courts use laws to settle dispute
civil case
The branch determines the meaning of laws and how they apply to specific situations
interpret laws
reviews decisions from lower federal and state courts(most cases)
Appellate
constitution for presidential trials, where they preside over the senate
chief justice in impeachment
fact-finding, applying laws to facts, initial rulings
trail courts
Having a legal right over something
Jurisdiction write
provides a check on the legislative branches to ensure they do not exceed their constitutional powers
check other branches
hears certain cases first, such as disputed between states or cases involving ambassadors
original hearing
house charges federal official, while senate determines conviction and removal from office
impeach and removal
hear more serious cases(felonies, major civil disputes)
circuit cases
the example to be used to help judges make decisions in future cases that are similar
precedent
using judicial review, it can declare laws or government actions unconstitutional if they conflict with the constitution
determine constitutionally
Justice serves for life
Tenure
political party holds the majority in the U.S. houses and senate, determines leadership and legislative agenda
congressional control
13 appellate courts that hear appeals from district courts
U.S. courts of appeals
asserts that judicial review allows the court to overturn current constitutional cases precedent or individuate legislative or executive acts
*(Double jeopardy)*
Judicial activism
the judiciary determines the guilt or innocence of those accused of violating laws and can punish offenders
punish law violators
the highest court for appeals, providing final justice
court of last resort
U.S. senates constitutional duty to approve presidential nominations for high-level positions
senate confirmation
The highest court, the final level of appeals
Supreme Court
asserts that judicial review should be constricted to decisions that adhere to current constitutional and case precedent
judicial restraints
it hears and resolves legal conflicts, both civil and criminal
settle legal disputes
protects civil rights and liberties by striking down unconstitutional laws
constitutional guardian