Types of Laws
Which type of law is used to help solve disputes between people or organizations?
Civil Law
A homeowner hires a contractor to remodel their kitchen. The contract states the work will be completed in eight weeks for a set price. Twelve weeks pass, the work is still unfinished, and the contractor demands more money.
Civil Law
A person believes that a new state law violates their right to due process of law, so they challenge the law in court. The court reviews the highest laws of the country and rules that the state law must be changed to protect the person's rights.
What is Constitutional Law?
District, Circuit, and Supreme.
What are the Federal Courts?
Which type of law protects our fundamental rights as individuals?
Constitution Law
A 15‑year‑old is caught spray‑painting graffiti on a school building. Because of their age, they are not tried in adult criminal court.
Juvenile Law
A system of Law that is based on customs, traditions and court decisions
a. criminal law
b. case law
c. statutory law
d. common law
What was the significance of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
A. It gave the Court the power to mediate disputes between different states.
B. It gave the court original jurisdiction in disputes involving foreign governments.
C. It established the power of the Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.
It involves interpreting constitutional rights
The case challenges government action
The outcome affects how the Constitution is applied
What is Constitutional Law
A person is caught on camera breaking into a jewelry store at night and stealing several items. Police identify the suspect and arrest them.
Criminal Law
If a judge decided that a certain action was illegal in a past (precedent) case, other judges might use decision to rule the same way in similar cases.
a. criminal law
b. case law
c. statutory law
d. common law
Historical codes of law are some of the earliest examples of written rules that people used to govern their societies
What is Hammurabi's Code?
Misdemeanors are less serious crimes, like vandalism or petty theft, and usually result in a jail sentence under one year or fines. Felonies are serious crimes, like robbery or murder,
What is Criminal Law?
A public school introduces a rule banning students from wearing shirts with political messages. A student argues this violates their First Amendment right to free speech and takes the case to court.
Constitutional Law
Laws that are based on what is right and wrong?
a. criminal law
b. case law
c. statutory law
d. common law
This idea of limiting government power and protecting individual rights directly influenced the United States
a. Hammurabi's Code
b. Magna Carta
c. Mayflower Compact
d. Roman Twelve Tables
These laws are part of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), which covers things like conduct during war, following orders.
What is Military Law
__________ law that is written and passed by a legislative body, such as Congress or a state legislature.
a. Criminal Law
b. Statutory Law
c. Common Law
d. Constitutional Law
Law based on rules and principles set out in the US Constitution or State Constitution.
a. criminal law
b. constitution law
c. statutory law
d. common law
Making laws that everyone can understand and follow, ensuring equal treatment under the law.
a. Hammurabi's Code
b. Magna Carta
c. Mayflower Compact
d. Roman Twelve Tables