Vocabulary
The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
Plaintiff
In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
Defendant
Daily Double!!!
The courts where most federal cases begin, courts of original jurisdiction and hear civil and criminal cases.
District Courts
This case made it so police have to read you your rights when you are arrested.
Miranda v. Arizona
What is the name of the group who decides the outcome of a trial?
Jury
A request, made after a trial, asking a higher court to decide whether that trial was conducted properly.
Appeal
A matter that goes before a judge or court of law
Case
The highest court in the United States court system.
Supreme Court
This case established Judicial Review, giving the Supreme Court the ability to declare laws unconstitutional
Marbury v. Madison
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What are the two types of trials?
Civil and Criminal
A court that is subordinate to and whose decisions are subject to review by the highest court in a judicial system (as of a state or country)
Inferior Courts
The formal title of the head of the justices of the US Supreme Court.
Chief Justice
America has a “dual court” system. What are they?
Federal and State
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This case declared school administrators are allowed to search your backpack
New Jersey v. TLO
What was the name the judicial branch under the Articles of Confederation?
Nothing, there wasn't one
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The concept of a judge not injecting his or her own preferences into legal proceedings and rulings.
Judicial Restraint
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The practice of judges making rulings based on their policy views rather than their honest interpretation of the current law .
Judicial Activism
How many levels are there in the federal & state courts?
3
This case declared that blacks living in America are not citizens and do not have protected rights.
Dred Scott v. Sandford
What year was Judicial Review established?
1789
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The process of questioning potential member of a jury for a trial.
Voir Dire
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A court decision that is considered an authority for deciding subsequent cases involving identical or similar facts , or similar legal issues .
Precedent
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How many Districts are there in the US Federal Circuit Court of Appeals
13
Gideon V. Wainwright
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Writing an appeal to get the Supreme Court to review your case.
Writ of Certiorari