How many District Courts are there in the Federal Government?
94
100
What is judicial review?
Seeing if an act is constitutional or not.
100
What reversed the decision of Dred Scott V. Sandford?
The 14th Amendment allowed African Americans to gain citizenship.
200
Why do we have a dual court system?
We have a federal system for federal laws and state systems for state laws.
200
This court case creates national supremacy.
McCulloch V. Maryland
200
What two kinds of cases do District Courts hear?
Criminal and Civil
200
What article of the Constitution created the Supreme Court?
III
200
What precedent did Plessy V. Ferguson set?
Separate but Equal (whites and nonwhites could be segregated if their facilities are equal).
300
What level of federal courts are trial courts?
District courts.
300
This court case established Federal control over interstate commerce.
Gibbons V. Ogden
300
What is the job of appeals courts?
Review decisions of lower courts.
300
What is Stare Decisis?
"Let the decision stand" / Using precedent from previous cases to decide a case.
300
Which case reversed Plessy V. Ferguson?
Brown V. Board of Education.
400
How many circuit courts are there in the United States?
13
400
What precedent did Tinker V. Des Moines set?
Students have the first amendment right to freedom of speech.
400
How many judges are there in appeals (appellate) courts?
3
400
Why do justices serve for life (on good behavior)?
In order to keep them beyond political influences.
400
What did United States V. Nixon set as precedent?
Even presidents are subject to rule of law.
500
Explain remand, reverse, and uphold
remand sends the case back to the lower court. Reverse means to change the decision of the lower court. Uphold means that the court agrees with the lower decision.
500
What court case gave due process rights to minors?
In Re Gault
500
How many Supreme Court Justices are there?
9
500
How did Andrew Jackson illustrate a limit on the Supreme Court's power?
He refused to enforce the decision of the Supreme Court.
500
Explain the reasoning AND the outcome of Bush V. Gore.
The Supreme Court ruled that only recounting the votes in a few counties violated the equal protection under the law guaranteed by the Constitution. They stopped the recount, and George W. Bush won presidency.