Article III
Structures & Powers
Latin Phrases
Checks & Balances
Required SCOTUS Cases
100

Article III only specifically references this highest court of appeal.  

What is the Supreme Court?

100

This landmark Supreme Court case established the power of Judicial Review

What is Marbury v. Madison?


100

"To be made more certain"   or the rule of 4

What is a writ of certiorari?

100
How can the Executive Branch exert influence on the federal courts?

What is appointment power? (appointment clause)(Nominate)

100

This case dealt with campaign finance limits. 

1. Case name

2. Constitutional Principle

3. Law that was struck down via judicial review

- What is Citizens United?

-1st Amendment (Free Spech)

-Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold)

200

According to Federalist 78, the judiciary must be free from this kind of pressure in order to function fairly.

What is political pressure? 

(Judges are supposed to be above politics)

200

According to the Constitution, this branch of government has the power to create lower federal courts beneath the Supreme Court.

What is Congress?  

200

Interest Groups can exert influence on federal courts, even if they aren't directly involved in a case,  by issuing one of these.  "Friend of the Court"

What is an amicus curiae brief?

200

The Senate can directly influence the federal courts with this power

What is the advice and consent of nominees?

200

These two required cases that deal with reapportionment, redistricting, and gerrymandering

What is Baker v. Carr (1962)?

What is Shaw v. Reno (1995)?

300

If the Supreme Court declares something unconstitutional, describe the difficult and rare mechanism that can be done to make it constitutional?



What is  amend the constitution?


Article V

2/3's Congress  3/4's States


300

To ensure their independence, federal judges are given this

What is lifetime tenure?

300

This principle encourages courts to follow rulings from previous cases to maintain consistency in the law.”

What is stare decisis?

300

A judge has been taking bribes that are influencing their decisions. What recourse does Congress have?

What is impeachment?


House - impeaches

Senate - conducts trial

300

In the case New York Times v. United States, the government attempted to stop the publication of the top secret Pentagon papers.  What is this concept known as this

What is prior restraint?

400

This doctrine refers to the court’s ability to decide whether it can hear a case at all.

What is standing?

400

"The interpretation of the laws is the proper and peculiar province of the courts. A constitution is, in fact, and must be regarded by the judges, as a fundamental law. It therefore belongs to them to ascertain its meaning, as well as the meaning of any particular act proceeding from the legislative body. If there should happen to be an irreconcilable variance between the two... the Constitution ought to be preferred to the statute."                   

What is Hamilton referring to here?

What is judicial review?

400

In order to bring a case to court, a person must have this — a legal reason to sue that shows they have been directly affected by the issue in question.

What is standing?

400

Courts can strike down this type of bureaucratic action if it is deemed to violate a citizen's rights or be outside the scope of the agency's power.

What are regulations?

400

These two required cases deal with the concept of Federalism

What is McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?

What is US v. Lopez (1995)?

500

Hamilton, in Fed 78,  claimed the judiciary had “neither the power of the sword nor the purse,” meaning what?

The Judicial Branch relies on the other branches to carry out their decisions 

(Executive - Sword)

(Legislative - Purse)

500

This judicial philosophy occurs when judges are more likely to strike down laws or set new precedents based on modern interpretations of the Constitution and perceived societal needs.

What is Judicial Activism?

500

This type of jurisdiction allows the Supreme Court to hear a case first, rather than on appeal, and it is primarily granted in cases involving disputes between states or cases involving ambassadors.

What is original jurisdiction?

500

This judicial philosophy argues that judges should interpret the Constitution narrowly and avoid overturning laws unless they clearly violate the Constitution, often deferring to the other branches of government.

What is Judicial Restraint?

500

In this controversial 1944 case, the Supreme Court upheld the government’s internment of Japanese Americans during World War II, ruling that national security interests could outweigh individual rights.

What is Korematsu v. United States (1944)?

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