Baroque
Famous German composer of fugues born in 1685 and died in 1750
Bach!
Composer of "The Queen of the Night" aria and lots of operas
Mozart
Polish composer of many piano pieces including "Nocturnes" and "Mazurkas"
Chopin
Scat singer and improviser
Ella Fitzgerald (or Sarah Vaughan, etc.)
Instrument used before the piano
The harpsichord (or organ)
Father of the String Quartet
Haydn
Any symphonic composer of the Romantic
Mahler, Brahms, Dvorak, Mendelssoh, etc. (many answers)
The Sound of Music, etc. (many answers)
The genre (type of piece) that defined and started the baroque era
Opera (or Monody)
Composer of the "Moonlight Sonata" and other pieces for the foretpiano
Beethoven
Any composer of Lieder or Opera
Schubert, the Schumanns, Donizetti, etc. (many answers)
Famous jazz trumpeter of Bebop and later cool jazz
Miles Davis (or Dizzie Gillespie, etc.)
Composer who lived in Austria, Italy, and England
Handel
Father of the Symphony
Stamitz (or Sammartini)
Any American composer of the Romantic
Dede, Price, Gottschalk, Beach, etc.
Any famous blues singer
Robert Johnson, Bessie Smith, etc. (many answers)