Cases
In this landmark 1967 case, the Supreme Court ruled that juveniles accused of crimes must be afforded the same due process rights as adults, including the right to an attorney and the right to confront witnesses.
What is In re Gault?
This term refers to an act committed by a juvenile that would be considered a crime if committed by an adult.
What is a delinquent act?
This right, guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment, ensures that a defendant will be judged by a group of citizens who represent a cross-section of the community.
What is the right to a jury trial?
This offense, involving the unlawful possession of controlled substances, can lead to different consequences for juveniles compared to adults, with juveniles typically receiving treatment programs instead of long-term imprisonment.
What is drug possession?
These specialized courts focus on juvenile cases, emphasizing rehabilitation and the well-being of the child over punitive measures.
What are Family Courts?
This 1971 Supreme Court case ruled that juveniles are not entitled to a trial by jury, emphasizing that juvenile courts focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment.
What is McKeiver v. Pennsylvania?
In the juvenile justice system, this approach emphasizes preventing future crimes through education, community programs, and interventions rather than focusing on punishment.
What is deterrence?
When an individual cannot post bail after being arrested, this is the term for their detention while awaiting trial or sentencing.
What is incarceration?
This type of theft involves the unlawful taking of property valued at less than a specified amount and can be classified differently between juveniles and adults, with juveniles often receiving rehabilitation-focused sentences.
What is petty theft?
These long-term facilities focus on providing juveniles with rehabilitation, therapy, and education to address behavioral and emotional issues.
What are Residential Treatment Facilities?
Case of violating child labor law, which prohibited children under the age of 12 from selling or distributing literature or goods in public places for money.
What is Prince v. Massachusetts?
In juvenile detention centers, this factor primarily determines whether a juvenile will be released from custody before their trial or adjudication.
What is behavior?
In many criminal cases, this legal professional focuses on seeking justice for the state, and decisions are often made with this goal in mind rather than prioritizing a longer probation period.
What is a prosecutor?
This legal principle distinguishes how juveniles and adults are treated in court systems, with juveniles typically given more lenient sentences and a focus on rehabilitation, while adults face harsher penalties meant to deter criminal behavior.
What is the difference in sentencing and treatment between juvenile and adult court systems?
Often used as an alternative to incarceration, these centers focus on providing comprehensive development programs aimed at teaching life skills, leadership, and conflict resolution to at-risk youth.
What are Youth Development Centers?
In this 2010 case, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that juveniles cannot be sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for non-homicidal crimes, citing the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment.
What is Graham v. Florida?
In juvenile detention hearings, it is the specific time frame it must occur in.
What is 10 days?
This type of court official must meet with an accused individual and set a bond, though in cases of capital murder, bail is typically not allowed.
What is a magistrate?
Within adults, this crime faces repercussions such as probation for 1-3 years, jail time or fines.
What is petty theft/ burglary?
This professional provides vocational training, therapy, and other rehabilitative services to adults incarcerated in prisons or correctional facilities.
Who is a rehabilitation specialist?
This 2012 Supreme Court decision ruled that mandatory life sentences without the possibility of parole for juveniles convicted of homicide are unconstitutional under the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment. (2 cases)
What is Miller v. Alabama and Jackson v. Hobbs
In the juvenile justice system, juveniles do not have the right to this type of trial, which is guaranteed to adults in criminal cases.
What is a trial by jury?
This type of system focuses more on punishing offenders through imprisonment rather than providing rehabilitation programs that aim to reform behavior.
What is a punitive justice system?
Within juveniles, this crime faces repercussions such as probation for 1-3 years, juvenile detention for 1-6 months, restitution, or anger management.
What is Simple/Aggravated Assault?
These programs provide essential services to help individuals reintegrate into society after serving time in prison, offering support with housing, employment, and mental health care.
What are Reentry Programs?