Citation Packages
Thesis
Essay Structure
Logos, Pathos, & Ethos
Etcetera
100
The point is to cue your reader as to what text you're working with, who the author is, and what genre it's in.
What is the first part (intro) of a citation package?
100
Describe one difference between these theses: Weak thesis: I enjoy looking at art. Stronger thesis: I enjoy looking at works of art, like Frida Kahlo's self portraits, because they encourage me to reflect on my assumptions about paintings and about my own perspectives.
What are arguable elements?
100
This metaphor creates a visual map for the way most essays move between detail and analysis, narrative and reflection, evidence and conclusions.
What is mountain and sea?
100
This describes your reaction as a reader (or viewer) to a text. It often varies from person to person and has a strong link to your past experiences and personal connections you make with the text.
What is pathos?
100
These work to create continuity on a sentence level in a text. Lexical ____ means that key words repeat and form a thread through a text. Semantic _____ allows a term or phrase to evolve in meaning through a text or passage. Relational _______ cues a reader with phrases showing the movement of the text (ex: "However" "But" "Along the same lines").
What are coherence and linking strategies?
200
The quote or summary of a text.
What is the second part of the citation package?
200
This persuades, argues, convinces, proves, or provocatively suggests something to a reader who may or may not initially agree with you.
What is a claim?
200
These take their names from philosophical argument. The first requires starting from a premise, then determining what statements necessarily follow from it and how those statements apply to examples. The second starts with a specific example and, through observations of the example, builds to a statement that can be applied more generally.
What is deductive and inductive structures?
200
This describes the writer's character, how readers perceive them through their rhetorical choices (arguments, examples, attitude and tone, style . . .) Like pathos, it has the potential to vary a great deal between readers.
What is ethos?
200
Replace "states" with a verb that more strongly characterizes what Allison is saying here: Allison states, "Art should provoke more questions than answers and, most of all, should make us think about what we rarely want to think about at all" (10).
What is _______?
300
This describes a careful assessment and rephrasing of a passage in order to demonstrate your understanding of the text and the elements that you're emphasizing in your discussion.
What is paraphrasing?
300
The support statements below all have this in common. -Because it is my personal opinion -Because society forces us to be this way -Because it is always been, it is tradition -Because it is obvious -Because it is morally right
What are statements of support that don't hold water in academic discourses?
300
This way of working into an essays ideas creates a recursive, braided structure. We see examples interact with each other and claims in multiple situations during the essay and get the sense that we're working deeper into ideas and examples. (Representative examples and evolving theses encourage this.)
What is vertical structure?
300
This does not vary from reader to reader. It describes the argument made within a text: The problem or observation put forth, why it matters, and recommended solutions.
What is logos?
300
This is an example of what fallacy? We might reduce Morris's argument to the idea that only a written caption accompanying any picture can have any meaning at all. Clearly this is ridiculous because I get a lot of meaning by looking at snapshots without captions on Facebook.
What is straw man?
400
This method of paraphrase adheres too closely to the source text, often mimicking word choice or sentence structure. Though often lumped in with plagiarism, it's actually often a symptom of a struggle to understand the source text.
What is patchwriting.
400
This is a specific suggestion to fix an overly broad thesis: Art has both good and bad effects on viewers.
What is Viewing a work of art, like Raphael's Pieta, can have a good effect on a person by causing an empathetic reaction, but it may also mislead a person by suggesting that a mythic happening is literally true. OR anything else that works.
400
This principle states that a writer should contextualize a new idea within the framework of what the reader already knows from earlier in the essay.
What is the known-new principle?
400
The first term describes the author's approach to an audience. The second term describes the author's approach to the subject of the text.
What is tone and attitude?
400
The passage below demonstrates this fallacy: Aburawa communicates Princess Hijab's belief in herself as, "above all, an artist" (5). From this, we know that most artists see their art as apart from the political conversations people have about it.
What is a composition fallacy or over-generalization?
500
This requires saying "Yes, but" to an idea in a source text. Rather than a negation or a "disagreement" it is a way to further a conversation by highlighting other experiences or new evidence.
What is countering?
500
Rather than focusing on proving the argument in a paper, this type of thesis focuses on exploring a topic and finding finer points of distinction. As such, it is likely to change gradually over the course of an essay as it encounters new evidence.
What is an evolving thesis/working thesis?
500
This rhetorical structure is very common in most fields of scholarly discourse. It first requires coming to terms with earlier work in the field, then explaining how that idea leads you to add a different perspective.
What is a they say/I say structure?
500
This strengthens your ethos by showing yourself capable of acknowledging other perspectives, and it usually creates a moment for an evolution of your thesis by creating complexity and finer distinctions in your argument.
What is anticipating objections? (Or considering counter arguments?)
500
When you find yourself reading a text and feeling a lot of resistance to its arguments, this is what should you try to do before deciding that it's totally useless because you completely disagree and throwing the book across the room.
What is read with the grain?
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