Kepler's First Law
The name of Kepler's first law.
What is the Law of Orbits?
The name of Kepler's Second law.
What is the Law of Areas?
The name of Kepler's Third law.
What is the Law of Periods?
As the mass of two objects increases, the gravitational force between them ____.
What increases?
Newton proved that the force keeping the planets in orbit is the same force that causes this fruit to fall from a tree.
What is an apple?
State Kepler's First Law.
What is "the orbit of each planet around the sun is an ellipse (not a circle) with the sun at one focus?"
State Kepler's second law.
what is "The imaginary line joining a planet and the sun sweeps equal areas (A) of space during equal time intervals (t) as the planet orbits?"
State Kepler's Third Law.
What is "The time it takes for a planet to orbit the sun (T) is proportional to its average distance from the sun (r)?"
State Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation.
what is "All objects in the universe pull on each other with a force determined by the mass of the objects and their distance apart?"
The person who Kepler got his data from.
Who was Tycho Brahe?
This is the eccentricity of a perfectly circular orbit
what is 0?
True or False: A planet moves at a constant speed throughout its entire journey around the Sun.
What is False?
If a planet is closer to the star, it takes ____ time
What is less?
Planets closer to the Sun have smaller orbits and higher speeds, meaning shorter orbital periods
This is the equation for how to calculate gravitational force.
What is F1=F2=G(m1*m2/r^2) ?
Kepler took inspiration for his model from this guy.
who is Copernicus? He removed epicycles.
This planet is the most eccentric, with this eccentricity value.
what is Mercury and 0.206?
The imaginary line connecting a planet and the sun always sweep out equal areas in equal amounts of time due to this reason
what is different points of the orbit, a planet is moving at different speeds.
At the perihelion, it is moving fastest and at the aphelion, it is moving slowest.
True or false: the mass of the planet affect its orbital period
what is False?
Since the orbital period is primarily determined by the mass of the central star and the distance from the star (semi-major axis).Mass does not matter
Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation explains this about the solar system
What is how the planets stay in orbit around the sun?
the order in which the Keplers laws were discovered
what is 2nd law, 3rd law, then 1st law?
Most planets in our solar system have almost circular orbits and have a ______ eccentricity.
what is LOW eccentricity?
the distance between the perihelion and aphelion is low and the ellipse seems more circular
an imaginary line sweeps an area in 30 days at perihelion, Kepler’s law says it will take this many days to sweep an identical area at aphelion.
what is 30 days? (Equal areas in equal times)
The orbital period of Mercury (AU 0.39) is what if Saturn's orbital period is 29.4 earth years and its distance from the sun is 9.5 AU.
What is 0.24?
1. T2/r3=constant
29.52/9.53=
~1
2. constant = T2/r3
1 = T2/0.393
1=T2/0.059319
0.059319 = T2
T=~0.24
the reason astronauts in orbit feel "weightless" even though they are still within Earth's gravity.
what is constant state of freefall, accelerating toward the Earth at the same rate as their spacecraft?
This is the velocity of Earth when it is traveling perihelion and aphelion.
What is 30.29km/s and 29.29km/s