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CR directed perpendicular to the iliac crest (L4-L5)
For the Posterior and Anterior Oblique L-spine Projections, the patient is rotated how many degrees?
45 degrees
The "Nose" of the scotty dog represents _______?
transverse process
what is the CR angulation for an AP Axial Coccyx projection?
10 degrees caudad, 2 inches (5 cm) superior to the pubic symphysis.
what is the primary pathology demonstrated during a Myelography?
herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)
What is Spondylolisthesis?
forward slipping of the lumbar vertebra usually at the L5-S1 joint space.
What does the Posterior Oblique L-spine Projection demonstrate?
the articular facets and zygapophyseal joints closest to the IR (Scotty Dogs)
The "Body" of the scotty dog represents _______?
Lamina
If a patient presents in the prone position for an Axial Coccyx Projection, how should the radiographer adjust their central ray angulation?
angle CR 10 degree's cephalad, 2 inches (5 cm) superior to the pubic symphysis.
What is the CR angulation for AP Axial Sacroiliac Joints?
Males: 30 degrees cephalad, 2 inches (5 cm) above pubic symphysis
Females: 35 degrees cephalad, 2 inches (5 cm) above pubic symphysis
A tightly collimated LS-S1 spot Lateral of the L-spine, will BEST DEMONSTRATE_______?
the possible existence of spondylolisthesis.
The "Ear" of the scotty dog represents _______?
Superior Articular Process
The "Leg" of the scotty dog represents _______?
Inferior Articular Process
For a Myelography, contrast media is administered via a ______________?
spinal puncture into the subarachnoid space.
On Posterior Oblique Sacroiliac Joint Projections, the side of interest is elevated __________?
approximately 25-30 degrees
When the spine is not in true Lateral position for an Average Male, in the LS-S1 spot Lateral Projection, the CR is angled _______?
3-5 caudad to a point 1-1/2 inches (4 cm) below iliac crest and a point 3 inches (8 cm) anterior to the posterior surface of the body
The "Eye" of the scotty dog represents _______?
The pedicle
What is the CR angulation for an AP Axial Sacrum Projection?
15 degrees cephalad, midway between ASIS and pubic symphysis.
What is a spinal puncture into the subarachnoid space?
an intrathecal injection.
what is the CR location for Posterior/Anterior Oblique Sacroiliac Joint Projections?
CR directed perpendicular to IR, to a level 1 inch medial and 1-1/2 (4 cm) distal to the ASIS farthest from the IR.
When the spine is not in true Lateral position for an Average Female, in the LS-S1 spot Lateral Projection, the CR is angled _______?
5-8 caudad to a point 1-1/2 inches (4 cm) below iliac crest and a point 3 inches (8 cm) anterior to the poster surface of the body
The "Neck" of the scotty dog represents _______?
Pars Interarticularis
If a patient presents in the prone position for a Axial Sacrum projection, how should I adjust my central ray angulation?
Angle CR 15 degrees caudad, midway between ASIS and pubic symphysis
what is the preferred site for spinal puncture during a Myelography procedure?
1. L3-L4 (could possibly be L2-L3).
2. other disc spaces can be used, including a cervical puncture
In regard to Sacroiliac Joint Oblique Projection, the Posterior Oblique will demonstrate _________?
demonstrate the SI joint FARTHEST from the IR