Drugs
They reduce afterload and preload by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
What are ACEi?
categorizes heart failure based on the severity of symptoms:
What is the NYHA classification system?
Staying up-to-date with _____, such as influenza and pneumococcal ________, helps prevent infections that could exacerbate heart failure or lead to hospitalization.
What are vaccines?
Some symptoms of this drug causes visual disturbances, N/V, lethargy, or arrhythmias due to its narrow therapeutic index
What is Digoxin?
This IV dose is equivalent to furosemide 40 PO
(Furosemide PO:IV ratio is 2:1)
What is furosemide 20mg IV?
They block the effects of aldosterone, reducing sodium and water retention, potassium loss, and fibrosis, thereby improving outcomes in HFrEF
What are MRAs (Aldosterone antagonists)?
This classification represents an EF of 35%
What is HFrEF?
Quitting this activity improves cardiovascular health, decreases the risk of worsening heart failure, and enhances overall life expectancy in heart failure patients. (you may even save their lungs in the long run)
What is smoking?
Some side effects of this drug class include bradycardia, fatigue, dizziness, and possible acute worsening of HF
What are beta-blockers?
When converting 40 mg IV furosemide to oral dosing, you would need to prescribe this dose to achieve an equivalent effect
What is 80 mg PO?
Its dosing must be individualized based on renal function, age, body weight, and serum drug levels, typically aiming for a serum level of 0.5-0.9 ng/mL in heart failure patients
What is Digoxin?
This classification represents an EF of 50% with diastolic dysfunction
WHat is HFpEF?
Monitoring this daily at home can help reveal signs of fluid overload
What is weight gain?
This drug can cause lupus like symptoms (usually associated with larger doses)
What is hydralazine?
20 mg of IV torsemide is equivalent to this dose of IV furosemide
What is 20 mg of IV furosemide?
It reduces heart rate by inhibiting the If channel in the sinoatrial node. It is indicated in HFrEF patients with a heart rate ≥70 bpm who are on maximally tolerated beta-blockers or cannot tolerate beta-blockers
What is Ivabradine?
EF of 45% (previously 35% upon last check)
What is HFimpEF?
Name two of the recommended lifestyle modifications for patients with HF
What are: regular physical activity (as tolerated), smoking cessation, limiting alcohol intake, following a heart-healthy diet (e.g., DASH diet), reducing sodium intake, and daily monitoring of body weight to detect fluid retention early?
This drug class can cause different adverse effects based on what is actually dispensed: hypo-magnesium or edema
What are potassium binders?
160 mg of oral furosemide is approximately equivalent to this dose of IV bumetanide
What is 4 mg IV bumetanide?
It is a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor that increases intracellular cyclic AMP, improving contractility and causing vasodilation
What is Milrinone?
The NYHA class referred to a patient having symptoms throughout the day, regardless of any activity
What is Class IV?
This is the maximum intake of sodium recommended to avoid congestive symptoms
What is 2300 mg a day?
This drug can cause arrhythmias, tachycardia, hypotension and possible thrombocytopenia
What is milrinone?
40 mg of IV furosemide is approximately equivalent to this dose of oral torsemide
What is 40 mg of oral torsemide?