Concepts 1
The group not receiving the intervention and being used solely for comparison purposes
Control group
The group that receives an intervention
Experimental group
That which we are most interested in understanding, measuring or predicting
Dependent Variable
That which we believe is likely to influence, cause or contribute to a particular phenomenon
Independent Variable
To use a subset of the total group rather than the entire group
Sampling
A ________ is used so every member of a population has an equal change of being selected for inclusion in the sample.
Random Sample
The original amount or frequency of occurrence of a phenomenon
Baseline
_____________ is composed of data collected after the fact from people's memories
Retrospective Baseline
A model of data gathering, simultaneous with beginning of the intervention.
Concurrent Baseline
Mean, median & mode are ________________
Measures of Central Tendency
_____________ is a measure of the amount of variability of observations around a mean.
Standard Deviation
___________ is the likelihood that a measurement will yield the same results at subsequent times
Reliability
___________ is the ability of an instrument to measure what it is supposed to measure
Validity
Statistics that describe a phenomenon
Descriptive statistics
Statistics used to make an inference (to draw a conclusion) about a population based upon a sample of that population
Inferential statistics
An ___________ is a change resulting from interventions
Outcome
An ______________ is the means by which we were determine the actual outcome of an intervention.
outcome measure
__________ outcomes are those that can be observed by either the client system or the social worker.
Practice
___________ outcomes focus on changes in the client's quality of life.
Functional
______________ outcomes are those that relate directly to how a service was provided.
Process-of-care
______________ is a term used to describe the probability that a certain result occurred by change.
Statistical significance
__________________ is a statistical procedure to compare the expected frequencies in a study to observed frequencies.
Chi-Square Test
A test used to determine the association or relationship between two variables.
Correlation Test
A method of evaluating a program which involves attempts to manipulate the intervention to determine whether change occurs in a target group
Experimental Design
_______________ use some, but not all, of the elements found in the typical experimental design. Thus, it might use a control group and experimental group, but not random assignment of clients to the two groups
Quasi-Experimental Designs