In the Griffiths’ experiment, this was the conclusion/data that supported it.
What is something in the S lysate broth which changed harmless R cells into deadly S cells?
100
DNA replication involves short DNA fragments that are synthesized on the lagging template strand. These short fragments are known as this.
What is Okazaki fragments?
100
RNA differs from DNA in these three regards.
What is RNA is single stranded, RNA has uracil instead of thymine, and RNA has ribose (w/ an extra oxygen) instead of deoxyribose (w/o an extra oxygen).
100
The changing of DNA sequence is known as this.
What is mutation?
100
This is how most eukaryotic genes are controlled.
What is most eukaryotic genes are controlled individually?
200
In the Avery et. Al. experiment, this was the conclusion/data that supported it.
What is DNA is the biological information molecule because use of DNases on S lysate prevented the transformation of harmeless R cells into deadly S cells?
200
This is the direction in which DNA and RNA are synthesized.
What is 5' to 3'?
200
The process of reading DNA and producing RNA is known as this.
What is transcription?
200
This process is the source of all new alleles.
What is mutation?
200
This is the process is which cells specialize in structure and function.
What is differentiation?
300
The Hershey-Chase experiment finally established that DNA was the biological information molecule by seeing this.
What is by seeing radiolabeled DNA inside of infected bacteria rather than radiolabeled protein?
300
These are the protein coding fragments of mRNA that are kept following mRNA splicing.
What are exons?
300
The process of reading RNA and producing protein is known as this.
What is translation?
300
Mutations that involve changes in one or a few nucleotides are known as this.
What are point mutations?
300
These are a type of genes that control the differentiation of cells or tissues in the embryo are known as this?
What are HOX genes?
400
A strand of DNA has a 5’->3’ sequence of GATTA. The complementary DNA strand has this 3’->5’ sequence.
What is CTAAT?
400
This is the short 3 base RNA code found on the tRNAs.
What are anticodons?
400
The short 3 base RNA code that determines the amino acid destined for a protein is known as this.
What is a codon?
400
Mutations that result in a change in the length of DNA that are used for protein coding are known as this.
What are frameshift mutations?
400
A premature stop codon is introduced in the middle of an exon. This would be the likely function of the resulting protein.
What is the protein would be non-functional?
500
A strand of DNA has a 5’->3’ sequence of CGAAC. The complementary RNA strand has this 3’->5’ sequence.
What is GCUUG?
500
Error in chromosome sorting during Anaphase in either mitosis or meiosis can result in this type of mutation.
What is polyploidy?
500
These are fragments of mRNA that are removed prior to the mRNA’s use as a template in translation.
What are introns?
500
A group of genes that operate together are known as this.
What is an operon?
500
An operator sequence that promotes constitutive (always on) expression of downstream genes in an operon is deleted. This would be the likely result in the expression of the genes in the operon
What is the genes in the operon would be turned off?