Infectious Disorders
A bacterial Infection of the kidney and renal pelvis (upper urinary tract)
Pyelonephritis
Obstruction from scarring occurs low in urinary tract causing bladder distention.
Urethral stricture
In what immunologic kidney disorder is it important to assess for circulatory overload?
Chronic Glomerulonephritis
Diabetic Nephropathy
What are 3 key features of Acute Pyelonephritis?
Fever, chills, tachycardia, tachypnea, flank pain, CVA tenderness, N/V, General Malaise/fatigue, burning, urgency, frequency of urination and nocturia.
Kidney enlarges as urine collects in the renal pelvis and kidney tissue.
Hydronephrosis
Glomerulonephritis
Renal Artery stenosis or thrombosis that leads to ischemia and atrophy of the kidney tissue.
Renovascular disease
How often should patient's empty bladder with acute pyleonephritis?
Every 2-3 hours
The etiology of obstruction tends to be? (Name 3)
Tumors, stones, trauma, structural defects, and fibrosis.
In this immunologic kidney disorder glomerular permeability increases so larger molecules pass through the membrane into the urine and are then excreted. This process causes massive loss of protein into the urine, edema formation, and decreased plasma albumin levels.
Nephrotic Syndrome
First manifestation of this disorder is microalbuminuria.
Diabetic nephropathy
What is the most common organism found in pyelonephritis?
E-coli
What symptoms would you see with hydronephrosis? (4)
Flank asymmetry, HTN, HA, Dull Flank pain
Key features of nephrotic syndrome include? (3)
Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, lipiduria, hyperlipidemia, delayed clotting, Reduced kidney function
Thickening of the nephron blood vessels resulting in narrowing of the vessel lumen resulting in decreased renal blood flow, hypoxia, and ischemia.
Nephrosclerosis
When the infection is bloodborne, common organisms include ? (3)
Staph Aureus, Candida, and Salmonella
What are the effects of obstruction? (2)
Damage occurs to kidney when pressure builds directly on kidney tissue.
Tubular pressure increases causing a decrease in the GFR resulting in kidney failure.
In Chronic Glomerular Nephritis you want to assess for uremic symptoms which would consist of what? (3)
slurred speech, ataxia, tremors, or asterixis, yellowish skin color, puritis.
Renovascular Disease