Germ Layers
These two embryologic tissues contribute to the formation of the adrenal glands.
What are intermediate mesoderm and neural crest cells?
This is the permanent kidney that forms during development.
What is the metanephros?
This gene is necessary for nephron development and knockout mice lack nephrons.
What is PAX2?
During development, kidneys begin in this region of the body and end up in this other region by 9 weeks of development.
What are the A) pelvic region and B) upper lumbar region?
This germ layer gives rise to the kidneys and ureters.
What is intermediate mesoderm?
This first nephrogenic system forms in the cervical region and quickly degenerates.
What is the pronephros?
This gene is required for collecting system development.
What is LIM1?
This embryologic kidney system contributes to the male reproductive tract through the Wolffian duct but persists in females only as vestigial structures such as the Gartner duct.
What is the mesonephros?
In males, the mesonephros (mesonephric/Wolffian system) contributes to the epididymis, ductus deferens, and seminal vesicles, while in females it largely regresses but leaves small remnants such as the epoophoron, paroophoron, and Gartner duct.
These two tissues form from intermediate mesoderm and give rise to major urinary system structures.
What are the nephric cord and nephric duct?
This temporary kidney produces urine for about four weeks and later contributes structures to the male reproductive system.
What is the mesonephros?
These two signaling molecules secreted by the mesenchyme stimulate ureteric bud formation.
What are GDNF and HGF?
These are the weeks during which the pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros develop.
Pronephros: week 4 (appears early week 4 and quickly degenerates)
Mesonephros: weeks 4–8
Metanephros: begins week 5 and functions by ~week 9