Attachment
A preschooler misses his long-term nanny who has recently moved away. To help this child, the parents should:
SHOW THE CHILD PICTURES OF THE NANNY
According to operant conditioning, behavior decreases in frequency if:
INCOMPATIBLE WITH A POSITIVELY REINFORCED BEHAVIOR
Core gender identity is typically established by what age?
3 years
30 yo morbidly obese pt refuses to change eating and exercise habits, “I’ll worry about my health when I am ϲϱ.” One month later his father, also obese, dies of a myocardial infarction. The now obvious disparity between pt’s current behavior and knowledge of the circumstances surrounding his father's death is an example of which learning theory process?
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
When compared to adol, 8-12 yo children with depression most often show which symptom?
SOMATIC COMPLAINTs
4 yo raised in multiple foster homes, minimally smiles, does not seek comfort, unexplained irritability and sadness. What dx? (
REACTIVE ATTACHMENT DISORDER
Pt with cocaine addiction experiences cravings for cocaine whenever passing by a “crack house.” This reaction exemplifies:
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
7 yo with temper tantrums, refuses to go to school. Stomachaches and headaches on school days. Nightmares about being kidnapped, fears parents will die. Dx?
SEPARATION ANXIETY D/O
Learning from consequences of one’s actions:
OPERANT CONDITIONING
Which of the following is the initial treatment of choice for mild anxiety disorders in children?
PSYCHOTHERAPY ALONE
10 month old child distressed when parents leave him with the babysitter. The parents say goodbye and leave quickly without display of affection. What is most likely to be observed later in life?
INCREASED CLINGING AND AVOIDANT BEHAVIOR TOWARDS PARENT
A form of learned fear in which a person or an experimental animal learns to respond strongly not only to a harmful stimulus, but also to a subthreshold stimulus, refers to:
SENSITIZATION
Children demonstrate a preference for the human voice and speech over other sounds at what age?
Birth
22 yo experiences an earthquake (7.0) during a seminar. In the months that follow he develops a fearful reaction to sudden or loud noises. Pt avoids classes in the same building that the seminar was in. What is the mechanism of the behavior?
AVERSIVE CONDITIONING
Instead of depressed mood, children w MDD may primarily show:
IRRITABILITY
Newly married college graduate now needing more parental support with decisions:
PHASE OF LIFE PROBLEM
Most important protective factor determining preschool child’s reaction to disaster:
PARENTAL FUNCTIONING
A 5 year old child whose mother was in a minor car accident believes he is responsible for causing the accident because he yelled “I hate you” in protest when his mother left him with a babysitter an hour earlier. This belief represents which of the following?
AGE APPROPRIATE EGOCENTRIC THINKING
What learning pattern is demonstrated by a patient (w/ panic disorder a/w public places) leaving an area when panic attack begins, and experiencing cessation of sx?
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
Longitudinal studies have shown that obesity in later childhood, adol and adulthood can be predicted most commonly by the presence of which psychiatric d/o in childhood and adol?
DEPRESSIVE
Final phase of Mahler’s separation Ͷ ability to maintain positive emotional attachment in face of frustration:
OBJECT CONSTANCY
An operant conditioning reinforcement schedule that is used in casino slot machines and may play a role in the development of pathological gambling
VARIABLE-RATIO
A ϭϬ yo child remains sad and angry about his parent’s divorce but no longer believes that he caused the separation. This cognitive change is an example of what mechanism?
DECENTRATION
The most common deficit underlying reading disorder in English-speaking children is deficit in:
PHONOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING
An association has been reported in adol with BPD between serotonin dysregulation, suicidal behavior, aggression and…:
IMPULSIVITY