Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) tends to peak around _________ post-workout.
1-2 days
The body's main source of energy during moderate- to high-intensity exercise is ... and the main fuel source at rest and low-intensity exercise is...
carbohydrates; fats
Acronym used to prescribe exercise and what it means?
FITT-VP
frequency, intensity, time, type, volume, progress/pattern
Kinetics is the study of...
Causes of motion (forces)
What level of arousal is optimal for performance?
moderate
Which training goal states that everyone responds differently to a given training stressor?
Individuality
What is the disadvantage of field work?
What is the advantage of field work?
less control over research variables
better simulates real world situations
The difference between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and energy expenditure (EE) represents...
calories expended during physical activity
Minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise per week vs. moderate-intnesity?
75-150
150-300
Kinematics is the study of...
types of motion (speed, acceleration, velocity)
How can burnout or entrapment be prevented?
adding variety and new challenges, rest days
What is the definition of muscle hypertrophy training?
Using a training load and volume that creates an increase in the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers which increases total muscle size.
Difference between the heart rate in trained and untrained individuals at rest and during submaximal exercise?
lower in trained, higher in untrained
How many kcal/gram are in each macronutrient?
carbs - 4; fat - 9; protein - 4
The subjective exercise intensity measures? The scientific exercise intensity measures?
Rating of perceived exertion and the “talk test”
%VO2max, %HR max, Karvonen method
What are the 3 risk factors for osteoarthritis?
obesity
previous knee injury
time spent doing high-impact, quick-stop activities
What are the research findings on personality types/traits in athletes and exercisers?
No set of personality traits exists for athletes, but... consistent exercisers are more self-motivated/confident than sedentary people. Trained athletes use more productive coping strategies than less trained individuals. Successful athletes possess more positive self-perceptions than less successful athletes.
What are the ways load/weight can be prescribed in resistance training?
absolute lbs., %1RM, %RM
What theory describes muscle contraction and force production?
Sliding Filament Theory
How does sweat loss during exercise affect the heart?
decreases plasma volume, increased blood viscosity, increased blood pressure & heart rate, increased core body temperature
What is the Borg scale and what is it best used for?
6-20 Scale: best used for whole-body endurance exercise, cardiovascular conditioning, and clinical or cardiac rehab settings.
What are four applications of biomechanics?
•techniques for sport performance and motor skill acquisition •Improve equipment •Prevent injury •Guide rehabilitation and treatment
What are the 4 motivation fuels and their definitions?
•Autonomy – control, choice, and self-direction over training goals
•Competence – being effective, capable, and skilled at what you do
•Flow – mental state of total absorption in a task where skill level and challenge are balanced
•Relatedness – a sense of belonging, care, and connection with others
Purpose of rest between sets when resistance training?
Recovery - replenish APT-PCr and clear acidity
Briefly summarize the positive adaptations that occur in the body's systems with regular exercise training
Become more efficient, don't have to work as hard as the same energy output as someone untrained.
Bailey exercises at a MET level of 10 for 30 minutes, 4 times per week. What is her MET-mins this week?
1200 MET-mins
Jordan (50 kg) performed a workout with a MET level of 8.2 for 25 mins. How many calories did she expend?
179 calories
Give examples of internal vs. external forces.
External: gravity, ground reaction force, friction, drag, spring
Internal: muscle forces, tension, compression
Describe the 4 different types of motivation.

Difference between repetition-volume and load-volume?
Load-volume adds the weight + reps + sets to get a better indication of total work done in a training session