General KMT knowledge
What does KMT stand for?
Kinetic Molecular Theory
What is equilibrium?
In which a chemical process and the reverse chemical process occur at the same rate such that the concentrations of reactants and products do not change.
True or false? Fluids are substances that can flow and therefore they don't take the shape of the container.
False! Fluids are substances that can flow and therefore they TAKE the shape of the container.
What is diffusion?
The ability of particles to transfer from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
What is compressibility?
A measure of how much a substance reduces in volume when subjected to external pressure.
True or False: KMT is based on the idea that particles are always in motion.
True.
What causes liquid particles to phase change into a gas?
Increased kinetic energy.
True or false? IMFs are stronger in liquids than in solids so they have a stronger structure and can glide.
False! IMFs are WEAKER in liquids than in solids so they have a LOOSER structure and can glide.
True or False: liquids have the ability to diffuse.
True.
True or False: Liquids can be compressed.
True, if enough pressure is applied, even something incompressible can be compressed.
How would you describe the spacing of liquid particles in terms of KMT? Use a range like large, medium, or small.
Medium.
What is vapor pressure?
The pressure exerted by gaseous molecules that have escaped from the surface of liquids.
True or false? Constant motion (KMT) and ability to glide allows liquids to flow makes liquids fluid (like gases)
True!
What postulate of KMT impacts the ability to diffuse?
Constant, random, motion.
True or False: Liquids are resistant to being compressed in spite of their packed structure.
False, it is because of its packed structure that liquids are very resistant to compression.
What are the attractive forces between liquid particles?
Intermolecular forces.
What is surface tension?
The membrane at the surface of a liquid formed when IMFs pull surface molecules inward, creating an elastic exterior (ex: seen in water droplets).
Why are liquids more ordered than gases?
Liquids are more ordered than gases because of the stronger intermolecular forces and the lower mobility of the liquid particles.
What causes liquids to diffuse slowly?
Intermolecular forces/ a compact structure.
True or False: The stronger and closer the intermolecular forces between particles are, the less compressible the liquid is.
True, the less space and strength between particles there is, the harder it is for external pressure to overcome the substances bonds.
KMT explains the behavior of solids, liquids, and gases in terms of energy of the particles and the forces between them.
True or false: lower intermolecular forces within a liquid result in more vapor pressure.
True
What is the kinetic-molecular theory of liquids?
According to the kinetic-molecular theory of liquids, the particles are not bound together in fixed positions. Instead, they move about constantly. This particle mobility explains why liquids and gases are referred to as fluids. Liquids have a higher kinetic energy than gases but are lower than solids.
True or false: liquids diffuse faster than gases.
False.
Why is water an exception to liquids being more compressible than solids?
In water, molecules are packed closer together than in its solid state, which contains open spaces between molecules due to its structure which leaves room for compression.