1
Name the three states of matter.
Solid, Liquid and Gas.
Name the three properties of matter.
Shape, Volume & Compressibility.
Does a solid have a fixed or variable shape?
Fixed
Does a liquid have a fixed or variable shape?
Variable
Does a solid have a fixed or variable volume?
Fixed.
Is a solid compressible or incompressible?
Incompressible.
Is gas compressible or incompressible?
Compressible.
Does gas have a fixed or variable volume?
Variable.
Is liquid compressible or incompressible?
Incompressible.
Does gas have a fixed or variable shape?
Variable.
What is the process called where liquid turns into a gas?
Vaporisation.
What is the process called where a solid turns into a liquid?
Melting.
What is the process called where vapour turns into a liquid?
Condensation.
Which statement is true?
a) Gases can be compressed but solid and liquids cannot.
b) Only solids can be compressed.
c) Gases, liquids and solids can be compressed.
a) Gases can be compressed but solid and liquids cannot.
What is the process called where a solid turns into a gas?
Sublimation.
Solids are incompressible because...
The particles are close together and there is no space for them to be pushed further together.
Solids have a fixed shape because...
their particles are held together in fixed positions and can only vibrate on the spot.
Liquids have a variable shape because...
their particles are randomly arranged and are able to move around and change their positions.
Gases are compressible because...
their particles are far apart and there is a lot of empty space between them, allowing them to be pushed closer together.
Matter is anything that____
a) has mass and light
b) has mass and volume
c) has energy and volume
b) has mass and volume
Define Kinetic energy.
Kinetic theory explains that matter is made up of tiny particles in constant motion, with their energy determining the state of the substance (solid, liquid, or gas).
Define Diffusion.
Diffusion is the spreading out of a substance from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
Explain why footpaths have gaps in-between each slab of concrete.
The concrete expands when heated. The gap allows the concrete to expand without cracking.
Explain why the red dye inside a thermometer moves when placed in hot or cold liquid.
When heated the liquid in the thermometer expands and rises up the thermometer. When cooled, the liquid in the thermometer contracts and moves down the thermometer.
Why do particles diffuse faster in hot water?
The particles gain kinetic energy when they heat up.
The greater the kinetic energy, the faster the particles move/diffuse.