Measuring Rates of Reaction
Define the term "rate of reaction"
The decrease in the concentration of reactants per unit time or the increase in the concentration of product per unit time
What is the number of atoms in a molecule expressed as the simplest ratio?
Empirical formula
What is "the rate of reaction"?
change in observable quantity from a reaction per unit time
What is the reactant that is not used up completely in a reaction?
The excess reactant
What is the relationship between temperature and the average kinetic energy of particles?
Temperature is directly related to the average kinetic energy of particles; if temperature increases, the average kinetic energy increases
How does electronegativity change across a period?
Increases
Name one device that can be used to measure the change in transmission of light
Spectrophotometer
Why does increasing the concentration of reactants increase the rate of reaction?
As concentration increases, the frequency of collisions between reactant particles increases, so that the frequency of successful collisions increases too
How do catalysts affect the reverse reaction rate?
Speed up reverse rate as well.
How do you calculate % yield?
Actual Yield / Theoretical yield x 100%
What does the total electrical conductivity of a solution depend on?
The total concentration of its ions and their charges
What effect does increasing the average kinetic energy of reactant particles have on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve?
The peak of the curve shifts to the right
Why is kinetic energy necessary with respect to collision theory?
The energy is necessary to overcome the repulsion between molecules and often to break some bonds in the reactants before they can react