The average kinetic energy of particles in a substance
100
What is a catalyst?
A substance which speeds up the rate of a reaction while not being consumed
100
What is the number of atoms in a molecule expressed as the simplest ratio?
Empirical formula
200
What is the general unit for rate of reaction?
concentration per unit time (mol dm^-3 s^-1)
200
How does a catalyst affect rate of reaction?
Catalysts lower the activation energy of a reaction
200
What does a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve illustrate?
The range in values of the kinetic energy of particles
200
What is an enzyme?
A catalyst that controls biological reactions
200
What is the substance that is not used up completely in a reaction?
The excess reactant
300
Name 3 of the 6 ways to measure rate of reaction
Change in volume, change in mass, change in transmission of light, change in concentration using titration, change in concentration using conductivity, clock reaction
300
What is the relationship between temperature and the average kinetic energy of particles?
Temperature is directly related to the average kinetic energy of particles; if temperature increases, the average kinetic energy increases
300
What does the area under the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve represent?
The total amount of particles in the sample
300
What effect does a catalyst have on activation energy?
Catalysts lower the activation energy
300
How does electronegativity change across a period?
Increases
400
Name one of the two devices that can be used to measure the change in transmission of light
Colorimeter and spectrophotometer
400
Why does increasing the concentration of reactants increase the rate of reaction?
As concentration increases, the frequency of collisions between reactant particles increases, so that the frequency of successful collisions increases too
400
What two factors affect the success of reactant particle collisions?
The energy of collisions and the geometry of collision
400
How do catalysts affect the position of equilibrium?
They don't, goon squad #swag
400
Which of the following is the second strongest type of intermolecular force: dipole-dipole attraction, Van der Waals', hydrogen bonding?
dipole-dipole attraction
500
What does the total electrical conductivity of a solution depend on?
The total concentration of its ions and their charges
500
What effect does increasing the average kinetic energy of reactant particles have on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve?
The peak of the curve shifts to the right
500
Why is kinetic energy necessary with respect to collision theory?
The energy is necessary to overcome the repulsion between molecules and often to break some bonds in the reactants before they can react
500
How do catalysts affect the yield of a reaction?
They don't
500
What is an electrolyte?
This is a liquid that conducts electricity and undergoes chemical change as a result