General
What is the name of the kingdom that includes a wide variety of eukaryotic organisms, many of which are unicellular
Protista
What is the general name for animal-like protists?
Protozoa
What is the general name for plant-like protists?
Algae
Name a common example of a fungus-like protist
Slime mold, water mold
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.
Are protists prokaryotic or eukaryotic
Eukaryotic
Name the different ways that protozoas move
Flagella, cilia, pseudopods
What process do plant-like protists use to make their own food
Photosynthesis
How do fungus-like protists obtain their food?
They are heterotrophic decomposers, absorbing nutrients from dead organic matter.
Do protists have a nucleus?
Name one characteristic that all protists share
hey are all eukaryotes (having a nucleus).
What is the function of a contractile vacuole in a protozoan?
To pump out excess water
Name a type of plant-like protist
Green algae, red algae, brown algae, diatoms, dinoflagellates
What is the role of fungus-like protists in the environment
Decomposition and nutrient recycling
Name one other key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells besides the presence of a nucleus.
Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
Protists are often described as the "junk drawer" of the eukaryotic kingdom. Why?
Because they are a diverse group that doesn't fit neatly into other kingdoms.
Describe how amoebas obtain their food
They use pseudopods to engulf food particles through phagocytosis.
What important gas is produced by algae?
Oxygen
How are fungus-like protists different from true fungi?
Fungus-like protists have cell walls made of cellulose, while true fungi have cell walls made of chitin. Also, fungus-like protists have flagella at some point in their life cycle.
Are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Explain the challenges faced by protists living in freshwater environments and how they overcome these challenges.
Freshwater protists face the challenge of living in a hypotonic environment, meaning the water concentration outside the cell is greater than inside. This causes water to constantly rush into the cell. To prevent bursting, they must actively pump out excess water using contractile vacuoles.
Compare and contrast the methods of locomotion used by three different types of protozoa and explain how their structures are adapted for their specific movement strategies.
pseudopods ("false feet") which are temporary projections of their cytoplasm for crawling and engulfing food.
cilia, tiny hair-like structures that beat in coordinated waves for movement.
flagellum, a long, whip-like structure, for propulsion.
Each structure is specialized: pseudopods for flexible movement and phagocytosis, cilia for coordinated, rapid movement in aquatic environments, and flagella for efficient swimming.
How do plant-like protists differ from plants?
They lack specialized tissues i.e stem, roots, petals, etc.,
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Explain the endosymbiotic theory and how it relates to the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts, organelles found in eukaryotic cells, were once free-living prokaryotic organisms that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells. This explains why these organelles have their own DNA and double membranes.