Human Intervention
This farming method often reduces soil microbial diversity, including beneficial bacteria.
What is monoculture?
This is the most common environment for bacteria on Earth, playing a key role in nutrient cycling
Soil
This domain of life includes microorganisms that can thrive in extreme environments such as Volcanic hot springs, deep-sea vents, and salt lakes.
Archaea
What do both Archaea and Eubacteria lack as prokaryotic cells?
What is a nucleus/organelles?
What is biodiversity?
Variety of life on earth
One benefit of planting trees in previously deforested areas is the return of these microbes that help recycle nutrients.
What are soil bacteria / decomposers
Name 2 kinds of archaea and what environment they would live in
halophiles: environments with high salt concentrations
thermophiles: environments with high temperatures
alkalophiles: adapted to environments with high pH
acidophiles: inhabit environments with very low pH
This part of a prokaryotic cell contains the genetic material and is not surrounded by a membrane.
Nucleoid
This domain of prokaryotes includes organisms like E. coli and Lactobacilli
What is Eubacteria?
How does biodiversity help an ecosystem recover from environmental stress?
diverse ecosystems make stronger ecosystems
Name 2 types of human intervention that can be beneficial to the biodiversity of archaea & eubacteria ecosystems.
Tree plantations, biofertilizers , improved wildfire management, compost, sustainable harvesting, protected natural areas.
This type of bacteria, known for forming the top layer of microbial mats, can survive in extreme environments ranging from Antarctic ice to hot springs and hypersaline lakes.
Cyanobacteria
What are the three main shapes used to classify bacteria?
Cocci, bacilli, and spirilla or Spherical, rod, and spiral
What adaptation allows Archaea to survive in extreme conditions?
What is a cell wall structure?
Why are ecosystems with higher biodiversity more resistant to diseases and invasive species?
Diversity lessens the spread of diesese due to increased gene pool.
Name one risk of using pesticides to reduce pests on the archaea & eubacteria terrestrial ecosystems.
Kill both harmful and beneficial bacteria, reducing microbial diversity.
What type of environment can anaerobic archaea NOT survive in?
High oxygen environments
What staining method is used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure?
Gram-staining
What adaptation allows Archaea to survive in extreme conditions?
What is a cell wall structure?
Explain how the loss of one species can lead to a chain reaction affecting the entire ecosystem.
One loss disrupts food chain
Overharvesting wild plants can damage microbial communities, and reduce this vital bacterial function.
What is nitrogen fixation?
Name 3 impacts that climate change may have on either archaea or bacteria
Archaea: Thermophiles (e.g., Pyrococcus) may expand into newly warmed habitats like polar soils.
Methanogens in thawing permafrost could amplify methane emissions, exacerbating warming.
Halophiles may face habitat loss as rising sea levels dilute hypersaline lakes.
Bacteria:
Pathogens: Vibrio cholerae blooms in warmer coastal waters increase cholera risk.
Soil bacteria: Drought-resistant Actinobacteria replace moisture-dependent Pseudomonadota in arid soils.
Cyanobacteria: Harmful algal blooms intensify in warmer, nutrient-rich waters, reducing aquatic biodiversity.
What molecule makes up the cell walls of most bacteria but not archaea?
Peptidoglycan
A reproductive prokaryotic process where an individual cell reproduces its single chromosome and splits in two.
What is binary fission?
Why is biodiversity important to humans?
Provides us with clean water, oxygen, food.