founding docs
what is the Declaration of Independence ?
The Declaration of Independence is the 1776 founding document that formally announced the 13 American colonies were severing political ties with Great Britain to become independent states
what was Industrialization.
The Federalist Papers were a series of 85 essays written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay in 1787–1788 to convince New York to ratify (approve) the new U.S. Constitution by explaining its benefits and arguing for a strong central government
what was the Nuclear Race
an arms race competition for supremacy in nuclear warfare between the United States, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies during the Cold War.
what was the Baby Boom/G.I. Bill
Following WWII, the G.I. Bill provided veterans with education and housing benefits, fueling a strong economy that encouraged a rapid spike in birth rates known as the Baby Boom
what was the Good Neighbor Policy
Introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933, the Good Neighbor Policy was a U.S. foreign policy focused on non-intervention and mutual respect with Latin America, replacing military coercion with diplomatic and economic cooperation
what was the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was an 18th-century intellectual movement that championed reason, science, and individual rights over traditional authority and superstition to improve society
what was Urbanization.
Urbanization is the process where increasing numbers of people migrate from rural areas to cities, causing cities to grow in size and density
what was the Iron Curtain
Coined by Winston Churchill in 1946, the Iron Curtain was the ideological and physical boundary splitting Europe into two hostile camps—communist Eastern Europe under the Soviet Union and democratic Western Europe—during the Cold War
what was the Age of Affluence.
The Age of Affluence (roughly the 1950s–1960s) was a post-WWII period in America defined by rapid economic growth, a skyrocketing standard of living, and widespread suburban consumerism, particularly among the expanding middle class
Definition: It is a time characterized by high average family incomes, massive industrial production of luxury goods, and widespread prosperity that, while significantly transforming American society, was not equally shared by all, as poverty and social inequalities persisted
what was the Treaty of Versailles
formally ended World War I by forcing Germany to accept full blame, pay massive reparations, reduce its military, and cede territory, ultimately creating economic hardship and resentment that contributed to World War II
what was the main idea the 3 people Locke/Hobbes/Rousseau were trying to do
John Locke’s main idea was that government exists by the consent of the governed to protect fundamental, natural rights: life, liberty, and property. He argued that people are born with a blank slate (tabula rasa), knowledge comes from experience, and that if a government violates these rights, the people have the right to alter or abolish it.
what is Capitalism.
Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production, where competition, supply, and demand determine prices and production in a free market
what was the Berlin Wall/Airlift.
Britannica Kids
what is White Collar/Blue Collar
White-collar employees work in offices performing professional or administrative tasks, while blue-collar workers engage in manual labor or skilled trades
what was the League of Nations
Established in 1920 after World War I, the League of Nations was the first international organization aimed at maintaining world peace through collective security, negotiation, and disarmament
what are the Natural Rights
fundamental, universal freedoms—such as life, liberty, and property—that belong to every person simply by being human, rather than being granted by a government
what is the Great Migration.
The Great Migration was one of the largest movements of people in United States history. Approximately six million Black people moved from the American South to Northern, Midwestern, and Western states roughly from the 1910s until the 1970s.
what was the Second Red Scare
The Second Red Scare was a period of intense fear and paranoia in the late 1940s and 1950s that communists, or "Reds," were infiltrating the US government and society, leading to widespread investigations, blacklisting, and the violation of civil liberties
was was Civil Disobedience
the active, nonviolent refusal to obey unjust laws or government policies to bring about social or political change, typically through peaceful protest or direct action
what was happening during Pearl Harbor
On December 7, 1941, Imperial Japan launched a surprise military strike on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, devastating the Pacific Fleet. Over 2,400 Americans were killed and 1,000+ wounded, destroying or damaging nearly 20 ships and 300 planes
what was the Federalist Papers ??
The Federalist Papers were a series of 85 essays written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay in 1787–1788 to convince New York to ratify (approve) the new U.S. Constitution by explaining its benefits and arguing for a strong central government
what is Jim Crow Laws.
Jim Crow laws were a collection of state and local statutes enacted in the South from the post-Civil War era through the mid-1960s that enforced legal racial segregation and discriminated against African Americans, denying them equal access to education, voting, and public facilities
what was the Domino Theory.
the idea that if one thing falls, a lot more things will fall, too, like a line of dominoes.
what was the Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education (1954) was a landmark Supreme Court case that unanimously ruled racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, declaring that "separate but equal" facilities violate the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause
what was happening during World War II
a global total war involving most of the world's nations, including all great powers, organized into the opposing Allied and Axis military alliances that resulted in the deadliest conflict in human history