Rivals & Ideas
Which two superpowers were the main Cold War rivals?
United States and Soviet Union; accept USSR.
Which alliance included the United States and many Western European countries?
NATO.
Which city was divided into eastern and western sectors?
Berlin.
Korea was divided near which line: 38th or 17th parallel?
38th parallel.
What was Sputnik?
The first artificial satellite, launched by the Soviet Union.
Fear of communist influence in the United States was called a Red what?
Red Scare.
What U.S. policy aimed to stop communism from spreading?
Containment.
Which plan supplied economic aid to rebuild Europe after WWII?
Marshall Plan.
What operation flew food and fuel into blockaded West Berlin?
Berlin Airlift.
The United States supported North Korea or South Korea?
South Korea.
What U.S. agency leads civilian space exploration?
NASA.
Which senator became known for accusations of communist influence in the 1950s?
Joseph McCarthy.
The Soviet Union had a one-party communist system. Which rival supported a market economy?
The United States.
Which doctrine supported U.S. aid to Greece and Turkey in 1947?
Truman Doctrine.
Why did supplies have to arrive by air during the blockade?
Soviet authorities had blocked surface routes into West Berlin.
Which 1962 crisis involved Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba?
Cuban Missile Crisis.
What was the competition to build more powerful weapons called?
Arms race.
What did school duck-and-cover drills prepare students for?
A possible atomic or nuclear attack.
What phrase described the division between communist Eastern Europe and the West?
Iron Curtain.
Which alliance linked the Soviet Union with Eastern European communist states?
Warsaw Pact.
Why did East Germany build the Berlin Wall?
To stop people from leaving for the West through Berlin.
What was the failed 1961 U.S.-backed invasion of Cuba called?
Bay of Pigs invasion.
What was the competition for achievements in space called?
Space race.
Why could unsupported accusations harm an accused person?
They could cause job loss, damaged reputation, fear, or loss of rights without reliable evidence.
Why was the conflict called a cold war?
The main rivals avoided direct full-scale war with each other, while competing and fighting through other conflicts.
How could rebuilding European economies support containment?
Economic stability could reduce hardship and the appeal of communist movements.
How did the Berlin Wall affect ordinary families?
It separated families and restricted travel and contact. Accept a clear example.
Why was the Cuban Missile Crisis so dangerous?
A confrontation between nuclear powers risked nuclear war; missiles in Cuba could threaten the United States.
Why did Sputnik increase U.S. support for science education?
It raised concern that the United States was falling behind in science and technology.
What is one difference between protecting national security and violating civil liberties?
Security efforts address real threats; punishing people without evidence or denying basic rights can violate civil liberties. Accept a reasonable explanation.