Characteristics of Matter
What are some common characteristics of solids?
- Holds its own shape
- constant volume
Define the kinetic molecular theory.
The scientific explanation for the behaviour of matter based on all matter being made of particles with kinetic energy.
What is a state change?
When matter changes from one state of matter to another.
What is water becoming solid an example of?
Freezing.
When heated, solids, liquids and gases __________.
Expand.
What are some common characteristics of liquids?
- Takes the shape of its container
- Has a constant volume
How do particles behave in a solid?
- close together
- vibrate
- strongly attracted to each other
What does it mean for something to melt?
To go from a solid to a liquid.
Water boiling is an example of _______________.
Evapoaration
When cooled, solids, liquids, and gases ___________.
Contract.
What are some common characteristics of gases?
- takes shape and volume of container
- can be compressed
How do particles behave in a liquid?
- close together
- slip and slide past each other
- attract less strongly than in solids.
What does it mean for something to freeze?
To go from a liquid to a solid.
A mirror fogging up is an example of ___________.
Condensation
What is thermal expansion?
When particles are given more energy (heat) they expand.
What are some common characteristics of plasma?
Same as a gas except has different electrical properties.
How do particles behave in a gas?
- very far apart
- move quickly in straight lines
- zero attraction to one another
What does it mean for something to condensate?
To go from a gas to a liquid.
What does deposition mean?
Gas to a solid.
Why is thermal expansion important for engineers?
Constant expansion and constriction of building materials leads to cracks and breaks in those materials.
What makes plasma different from a gas?
Plasma has different electrical properties.
What are the 4 statements that make up the kinetic molecular theory?
All matter is made up of very small particles.
The particles exist in empty space.
The particles are constantly moving.
Energy makes particles move. The more energy they have, the faster they can move and the farther apart they can get.
What does it mean for something to evaporate?
To go from a liquid to a gas.
What does sublimation mean?
Solid to a gas.
Explain why we have cracks in our sidewalk.
Constant expansion in the heat and constriction in the cold.