Laws, Regulations, and Legalities
Terminology
Services and Therapies
Disabilities
Education Terminology
100
Signed into law in 1990 and provides civil rights protection of people with disabilities to employment, transportation, communication, and public services.
What is American with Disability Act (ADA)
100
Exists when an impairment limits a person's ability to perform certain tasks.
What is a disability
100
A broad term to describe a program or set of strategies to improve behavioral success by preventing problem behaviors and teaching students new skills.
What is Positive Behavior Supports (PBS).
100
A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using written or spoken language.
What is a Learning Disability (LD)
100
The setting that is closest to a general education classroom and also meets the child's special educational needs.
What is Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
200
Protects the privacy and transfer of student education records.
What is the Family Education Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
200
Physical attributes and/or learning characteristics differ from the norm either below or above to such an extent that an individualized program of special education and related services is required to fully benefit from education.
What is an exceptional child
200
A related service that provides therapy to students to increase functioning and participation by incorporating assistive devices to address their fine motor skills, activities of daily living, and access to their education.
What is Occupational Therapy (OT).
200
A disability that originates before age 18 and is characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.
What is an Intellectual Disability (ID)
200
A process in which parents and school personnel try to settle disagreements with the assistance of a trained mediator provided by Pennsylvania Department of Education.
What is Mediation
300
The primary federal education legislation to improve the achievement of all students with particular emphasis on children at risk and children from low-income families.
What is No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
300
The loss or reduced function of a body part or organ.
What is an impairment?
300
Provided in the home and school setting by a physician's prescription and are based on medical necessity. There are three main components: Behavior specialist consultation (BSC), Mobile therapy (MT), and therapeutic staff support (TSS).
What is Wraparound Service.
300
A chromosomal anomaly causing moderate to severe mental retardation and certain physical characteristics such as large tongue, heart problems, poor muscle tone, and large flat bridge of the nose.
What is Down Syndrome?
300
A systematic prereferral and early intervention process that consists of universal screenings and several tiers of increasingly intensive trials of researched based intervention before referral for assessment for special education eligibility.
What is Response To Intervention (RTI)
400
The only federal program that addresses the needs of the nation's 3 million gifted and talented students.
What is Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Student Education Act
400
A change that gives a child with a disability an alternate method of demonstrating knowledge. It does not change the content of the assignment or alter assessments or evaluations.
What is an accommodation
400
Any item, piece of equipment, product, or system that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of children with disabilities.
What is Assistive Technology (AT).
400
A developmental disorder typically diagnosed before age three that significantly affects verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, and educational performance. Other characteristics include sensory difficulties, engaging and repetitive activity and movement, and resisting or difficulty with change, especially in daily routine.
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
400
Educating students with disabilities in general education classrooms.
What is inclusion
500
A six-year plan based on 20 federally mandated criteria of compliance and performance. It contains measurable goals, rigorous target for each year of the plan, and improvement activities to meet the targets. All data is reported in the annual performance report (APR).
What is State Performance Plan (SPP)
500
A written statement of a child's current level of educational performance and of the individualized plan of instruction which includes goals, specific services, persons responsible for services, standards and timeline for evaluating progress, and their placement in the LRE.
What is an Individualized Education Program (IEP)
500
A plan that is put in place to teach a child proper behavior and social skills. It should be positive in nature, not negative.
What is a Behavioral Intervention Plan (BIP)
500
An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force which causes total or partial functional disability, psycho-social impairments, or both which adversely affect a child's educational performance.
What is Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
500
The delivery of special education and related services during summer vacation or other extended periods when school is not in session. It must be considered a need and included in the IEP.
What is Extended School Year (ESY)
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