Terms and terminology
The determination of the age or date of organic matter from the relative proportions of the carbon isotopes carbon-12 and carbon-14 that it contains.
What is radiocarbon dating?
Slash and burn farming leads to drying up the moisture in the air, cutting this gas from the atmosphere.
What is water vapor?
Volcanic eruptions release this gas into the atmosphere, along with water vapor (H2O) and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
What is CO2?
NOAA was the US government's converging of these two research fields to address the planet's entire fluid envelope.
What are oceanic and atmospheric research?
What is the Soviet Union?
This is the term for reflection of the visible light and some parts of the infrared and ultraviolet radiation that reach the Earth from the Sun back into space.
What is albedo?
This element’s isotope 18 and 16 was found in bubbles of glacial ice and used to measure the temperature from the time the snow had fallen.
What is oxygen?
These minor gases come from industrial pollution and aerosol sprays and absorb infrared radiation.
What are CFCs/chlorofluorocarbons?
By analyzing this substance in well-dated sediment cores, paleoclimatologists can obtain records of changes in vegetation going back hundreds of thousands, and even millions of years.
What is pollen?
Suki Manabe, Akio Arakawa, and Akira Kasahara were pioneers of computer modeling for temperature that all attended this city's university.
What is Tokyo University?
These marine specialists researching deep-sea cores live close together for weeks and months under spartan conditions.
Microscopic airborne particles in the atmosphere such as dust, fume, mist, smoke, and fog.
What are aerosols?
Each molecule of this component of natural gas has a greenhouse effect about twenty times that of a molecule of CO2.
What is methane?
The full date of the first Earth Day observed.
What is April 22, 1970?
Sea level rise is the most feared predicted outcome of this continental Ice Sheet sliding into the oceans within the next 40 years.
What is the West Antarctic?
Meteorologist Ed Lorenz pioneered this theory on how tiny initial variations could tilt a complex system this way or that.
This planet’s atmosphere is made up for mostly CO2, which is why it is under extreme greenhouse gas effect.
What is Venus?
Nicholas Shakleton used this radioactive molecule to trace further back than carbon.
What is potassium?
The famous core Vema 28-238 was pulled from the Indian Ocean in 1973, measuring this many years of data.
What is one million?
The 1973 energy crisis led to an embargo of US access to this from OAPEC nations.
What is oil?
The term for adding silver iodide smoke in hopes of making it rain.
What is cloud seeding?
This planet’s dust storm shrouded its biosphere, absorbing sunlight into a frigid desiccation.
What is Mars?
Radiocarbon dating can only work on the order of how many thousands of years?
What is tens of thousands?
In 1957 Cesare Emiliani was working on these microscopic protists whose remains are greatly abundant in the fossil record.
What are foraminifera/forams.
Camp Century is a part of this country, where ice drilling brought up some 100,000 years old ice cores.
What is Greenland?