Scientific Foundations of Psychology
Name one of the APA Ethical Guidelines
- Informed Consent
- Protection from harm
- Debriefing
- Anonymity
- No coercion (being forced)
- Debriefing
Name one of type of brain scan
- electroencephalogram (EEG)
- computed tomography scan (CT)
- position emission tomography scan (PET)
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- functional MRI (fMRI)
What is memory?
The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
This theory, proposed by Abraham Maslow, arranges human needs in a hierarchy from physiological needs to self-actualization.
What is a phobia?
The persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity.
What is the independent variable?
- Variable that does not depend on another one
OR
- Factor that is being manipulated
What is the function of the hippocampus?
The hippocampus is involved in memory, learning, and emotion.
What is the misinformation effect?
The phenomenon where a person's memory of an event becomes less accurate due to the introduction of misleading information after the event.
Describe what homeostasis is
The body's tendency to maintain a balanced internal state, such as regulating temperature and energy levels.
What is the manual used by mental health professionals to diagnose psychological disorders
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
Which approach is the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and
communicating?
Cognitive
Central Nervous System
What is the difference between episodic and semantic memories?
Episodic memories are personal experiences and specific events tied to a particular time and place, while semantic memories are general knowledge and facts about the world not linked to a specific time or context.
What is the Drive-Reduction Theory?
This theory of motivation suggests that behavior is driven by a desire to reduce internal tension caused by unmet biological needs.
What did Carl Rogers propose to psychology?
Client-Centered Therapy (or Person-Centered Therapy): A therapeutic approach that emphasizes unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness.
What is the Hawthorne Effect?
When people act differently due to the fact that they know they are being observed.
What is the brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called?
action potential
- Learning Curve
- Forgetting Curve
- Nonsense Syllables
- Spacing Effect
- Serial Position Effect
What is the incentive theory?
The incentive theory of motivation is a behavioral theory that suggests people are motivated by a drive for incentives and reinforcement.
Name the disorder characterized by a chronic pattern of disregard for the rights of others, often manifested through deceitfulness, impulsivity, and lack of remorse.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Name ALL measures of central tendency and measure of variability
(Hint: There are 3 in central tendency and 3 in measure of variability)
Central Tendency: mean, median, and mode.
Measure of Variability: Range, Variance, Standard Deviation
What task is primarily a right cerebral hemisphere function in most people?
Recognizing faces
What memory system provides us with a very brief representation of all the stimuli present at a particular moment?
Sensory Memory
Name THREE of the theories of emotion
- James Lange
- Cannon Bard
- Schacter-Singer two factor theory
- Lazarus Cognitive
- Common Sense
- Facial Feedback
What is the Rosenhan Study?
- The study was an experiment claimed to have been conducted to determine the validity of psychiatric diagnosis (sane or insane).
- Sent mentally healthy subjects to psychiatric hospitals by feigning hallucinations.