Enzymes
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Cellular Transport
Mitosis and DNA replication
100
What is a catalyst?
Something that speeds up a reaction by lowering the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur.
100
What is the name of the organelle responsible for photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
100
What is the difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic requires oxygen and produces more ATP energy
Anaerobic does not require oxygen and produces less ATP energy
100
What is the organelle found on the outside of an animal cell?
The cell membrane/plasma membrane
100
What is the purpose of DNA replication?
To make 2 identical copies of the DNA
To make copies of the DNA so that the new cells have the full set of instructions so that they can carry out the same function
200
What does optimum mean?
The best, fastest reaction
200
What reactants are needed for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
Water
Light energy
200
What are the products of aerobic respiration?
Carbon dioxide
Water
ATP energy
200
What is the definition for Diffusion?
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movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy (passive transport)
200
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Growth and repair
to create 2 identical daughter cells
to create diploid cells
300
What does denature mean?
The shape of the enzyme’s active site changes and the substrate is no longer able to fit so the enzyme can no longer carry out its function
300
What is the formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
300
Identify where AEROBIC and ANAEROBIC respiration occur
aerobic - mitochondria (matrix and cristae)
anaerobic - cytoplasm
300
What is the definition of osmosis?
Movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane without the use of energy (passive transport)
300
Why does DNA replication need to come before Mitosis?
so that the new cells have the identical DNA and can carry out the same function
400
What does the enzyme catalase do?
Break down Hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
400
Describe the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis
Light energy is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen
400
What are the advantages and disadvantages of ANAEROBIC respiration?
fast and does not require oxygen
only makes 2 ATP and produces toxic products (lactic acid and ethanol)
400
What is the definition of active transport?
movement of particles from an area of low concentration to high concentration using energy
400
Describe the name and function of THREE enzymes involved in DNA replication
Helicase: unzip and unwind the DNA
Gyrase: release tension
DNA polymerase: add new DNA nucleotides
Ligase: glue the okazaki fragments together
Primase: prime the DNA strand for replication
500
Describe 3 points on the graph below:
Optimum is 40℃
In the temperatures below 40℃ the reaction is getting faster as the temperature increases
In the temperatures above 40 ℃ the reaction is getting slower as the enzyme denatures
500
Describe the light independent reaction
Hydrogen from the light dependent reaction is combined with carbon dioxide to make glucose
500
What are the advantages and disadvantages of AEROBIC respiration?
more efficient and produces the most ATP (36-38 molecules)
Takes a long time and requires oxygen to occur
500
Describe the SA:V ratio
(surface area to volume ratio)
500
Describe the steps of Mitosis
Interphase:
Prophase:
Metaphase:
Anaphase:
Telophase:
Cytokinesis: