Road to Revolution
An intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries
What is the Enlightenment?
The form of government in France before 1789
What is absolute monarchy?
This talented orator and scandalous lover was the most prominent of the Revolution's early leaders and known as the ugliest man in France
Who is the Comte de Mirabeau?
This symbol of absolute monarchy was stormed by the people of Paris on July 14th, 1789
What is the Bastille?
This invention first used in 1792 was said to represent a victory of equality as all would be put to death this way
What is the guillotine?
After a hand-picked Assembly of Notables did nothing to resolve the country's financial problems, Louis' finance minister called this representative assembly for the first time in over 150 years
What is the Estates-General?
The king of France in 1789
Who is Louis XVI?
This popular noble served in the American Revolutionary War before being named commander of the newly formed National Guard after the storming of Bastille
Who is the Marquis de Lafayette?
This 1789 march on Versailles led by the market women of Paris in response to soaring bread prices led to the forced relocation of the Royal Family from lavish Versailles to the 'modest' Tuileries Palace in Paris
What are the October Days?
By the 1780's, this colony's 8000 plantations produced around 40% of the world's sugar and over half of its coffee, but was the location of a massive slave uprising in 1791
What is Saint-Domingue (Haïti)
The French Government saw financial and military involvement in this conflict as a way of getting back at the British. Unfortunately for them, this brought them to the verge of bankruptcy.
What is the American Revolutionary War?
This popular, Swiss finance minister was dismissed after the formation of the National Assembly and asked to secretly leave the country, which led to an escalation of popular violence in Paris
Who is Jacques Necker?
This lawyer from Arras became a skilled politician, and was dubbed 'the Incorruptible'
Who is Maximilien Robespierre?
During this violent period in 1793-1794, the Committee of Public Safety exercised virtual dictatorial control over the population, suspending counterrevolutionary suspects' right to a public trial and leaving the jury a choice of only acquittal or death
What is the Terror?
After news of chaotic violence and radical action in Saint-Domingue reaches the National Convention, the Jacobin Government votes to abolish this in 1794
What is slavery?
Immense costs of this 'duration-named' war from the 1750’s to 1760’s forced the government to find new sources of revenue...unpopular taxation
What is the 7 Years War?
This form of government was introduced after the Revolution of 1789 and lasted until the Tuileries palace was stormed in the insurrection of August 10th 1792 and the King and his family imprisoned
What is constitutional monarchy?
This liberal noble duke and cousin to the king renamed himself 'Philipe Égalité' and voted in favour of Louis XVI's execution before later being guillotined as a supposed member of royalist conspiracy
Who is the duc d'Orléans?
On August 26th 1789, the National Assembly published this declaration, outlining what they viewed as fundamental rights that would form the basis of the new constitution
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
Told to give his personal information in prison shortly before his execution in 1794, this radical politician answered: ‘I will soon be living nowhere; as for my name, you will find it in the pantheon of history’
Who is Georges Danton?
This defining moment in 1789 led to the Third Estate's formation of the National Assembly and declaration that they would remain assembled until a constitution was written for France
What is the Tennis Court Oath?
This form of government was introduced after the August 10th insurrection in 1792 and lasted until Napoleon established himself as France's ruler for life
What is republic?
This 'proto-communist' who advocated for the abolition of private property conspired with his allies to overthrow the Directory in 1796 but his plot was uncovered, leading to his death
Who is Gracchus Babeuf?
Named after the month of the Republican calendar (Named for 'heat', replacing August) when Robespierre and his allies were overthrown and executed, this reaction marked the end of the radical Jacobin phase of the Revolution
What is the Thermidorian Reaction?
After the Jacobin dechristianization campaign, Robespierre introduced this new, deist religion intended to replace Catholicism and undermine Atheism, and held an elaborate festival to introduce it
What is the Cult of the Supreme Being?