Body orientations and systems
Have one teammate stand up and show what anatomical position is
The body is upright, feet are shoulder-width apart, upper limbs are at the sides of the trunk, and head and palms are facing forward
What is the function of simple squamous?
diffusion
What is the most superficial layer of the epidermis?
Stratum Corneum
Describe threshold, and the mV the membrane potential has to meet to hit threshold
Threshold is the level at which depolarization of membrane potential triggers an action potential (-55mV)
What is resting potential?
membrane potential when a neuron is not being stimulated (-70mV)
What body system contains the Nasal cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, and Lungs?
Respiratory system
What tissues function is to maintain shape, and allow flexibility for producing sound?
elastic cartilage
What is the function of a sensory receptor, and give me two examples of a sensory receptor?
A sensory receptor is a specialized part of a neuron that is stimulated by energy from the environment (detects). Examples would be Thermoreceptors, Nociceptors, and Mechanoreceptors
Does sodium (Na+) move into or out of the cell membrane?
Sodium (Na+) moves out of the cell
Name three types of epithelial tissue
Examples: simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified, statified squamous, and transitional
Describe the differences between proximal/distal and superior/inferior
Proximal/distal pertains to the limbs of the body (point of origin), while superior/inferior pertains to the trunk of the body (toward the head or feet)
What tissue is located in walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, and ducts of glands?
Smooth muscle tissue
What is the function of the sebaceous gland?
To secrete sebum onto the skin or hair follicles (lubrication)
What is the function of the dendrites?
receives information from other neurons and carries information to the cell body
What skin layer is only found in thick skin?
Statrum Lucidum
Name the two systems that regulate body functions
Nervous and endocrine system
Where is the simple columnar tissue located in the body (2 locations)?
digestive tract, and the gall bladder
What sensory receptor responds to light touch?
tactile (Meissner) corpuscle
If the membrane potential is in repolarization, are the voltage-gate Na+ channels open or closed?
the Na+ channels would be closed
What does the calcium influx trigger?
Calcium influx into the axon terminal triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicles, releasing neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.
Name the four functions of the Integumentary system
Protects the body from the external environment, produces vitamin D, retains water, and regulates body functions
Name the three functions of adipose tissue
Storage, insulation, and protection
The mechanoreceptor detects changes in what?.... (3 answers)
change in pressure, stretch, and vibration
This type of solution causes animal cells to swell and possibly burst due to water moving into the cell by osmosis. What type of solution is this?
hypertonic solution
What changes occur to the voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels at the peak of depolarization
At the peak of depolarization, voltage-gated Na⁺ channels become inactivated. Their activation gates are still open, but their inactivation gates close, stopping further sodium influx. At the same time, voltage-gated K⁺ channels begin to open, allowing potassium ions to flow out of the cell