Specimen Collection
An FOB is a type of sample assessing for what?
Occult blood in the stool
Name the most common lab values used to measure kidney function
BUN, creatinine (crt), GFR
What is the most common cardiac lab marker
Troponin
Name the type of blood panel ordered to monitor hemoglobin and hematocrit
CBC
Type of blood panel ordered when assessing the liver
CMP
A urine sample can be collected after a dose of antibiotics if a UTI is suspected
False
Collecting a urine after the start of antibiotics severely impacts it's legitimacy in providing data to support an infection
What is the normal range for BUN?
10-20
A person is complaining of chest pain. The MD may order this lab, how often?
Troponin Q6 x4 (serial troponins)
Normal range for Hgb
12-15**
ALT, AST and alkaline phosphate are labs markers related to what
The liver
Name one thing to educate your patient on when asking for a sputum sample
"There can not be any saliva in this"
"Try to contribute to this after using your nebulizer"
"Attempt to cover the bottom of the cup"
What diagnosis may one consider if the BUN/crt are high
AKI/dehydration
This electrolyte if outside of the normal range may cause arrhythmias
Potassium
This lab value if elevated is indicative of an acute infection
WBC
Normal range for calcium
8.5-10
List the 4 items all specimen labels must include
Name
2nd identifier
Date/time of collection
Type of sample
What is the normal value for creatinine
0.5-1.1
This lab order is used for detecting heart failure
BNP (brain natriuretic peptide)
When reviewing the EMR, you note that a patient's platelets are 40. What does this represent clinically?
Decreased ability to clot with any form of bleeding, especially risky for GI bleeds.
What is a normal urinary pH
4.5-8**
What is the rationale for drawing 2 sets of blood cultures from a patient with a central line
If both sets come back positive then bacteremia can be confirmed. If only the set drawn of the central line is positive then an infection involving the central line is confirmed
What would a high sodium diet do to the kidneys over time
A high sodium diet alters kidney function by causing them to decrease function, remove less water and therefore increase blood pressure
This is the only accurate lab test to order when attempting to diagnose a patient with rhabdomyolysis
serial CK (creatinine kinase)
This part of the human body is where red and white blood cells are made
The bone marrow
A patient presents with low h/h and elevated BUN. What does this most likely indicate?
An acute GI bleed