Hematology
The average lifespan of a red blood cell is
120 days
What is stored in the liver and muscle as glycogen, provides energy for every cell in the body, and is used in the diagnosis and management of diabetes and hypoglycemia?
Glucose
This term means the recognition and destruction of foreign substances by the body.
Immunity
What is the most common cause of epiglottitis?
H. influenzae type B
What is the required amount of mL needed for a blood culture?
10-20mL
What condition are Reed-Sternberg cells a hallmark of?
Hodgkin's lymphoma
Name the lab test used lab test to measure a patient's glycemic control over the last 2-3 months
HbA1C
What is given during pregnancy and shortly after delivery to all Rh negative mothers?
RhoGAM
What organism causes amebic dysentery and is differentiated based on the presence of ingested RBCs?
Entamoeba histolytica
What is the proper condition for platelet storage?
20-24C with agitation
What is the structural defect seen in Hb C disease?
Glutamic acid is replaced by lysine at the beta chain position 6
This term means the density, or weight, of urine as compared to the density, or weight of water
Specific gravity
What reactions does anti-I show with autocontrol and cord blood?
autocontrol: posittive (1-4+)
cord blood: negative
A GNR that is A/A, motility (+), lysine (+), and H2S (+) is known as?
Salmonella spp.
A lymph node biopsy characterized by broad bands of collagen and presence of lacunar cells is seen in what type of Hodgkin's lymphoma?
Nodular-sclerosis (subclass of classical HL)
Which phase of the neutrophil maturation series has a paranuclear halo ("hof"), is round/oval and often eccentric, and has a basophilic cytoplasm with prominent reddish-purple primary granules?
Promyelocyte
Identify the acid-base disorder:
pH: decreased PCO2: decreased HCO3: decreased
Partially compensated metabolic acidosis
What do you expect to see in the plasma of O+ people?
This blood type has both A antibodies and B antibodies in PLASMA
What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in the world? What media is selective for this organism? Describe some of its distinctive features.
Campylobacter jejuni
Selective media: CAMPY-BAP
-Moist, runny looking colonies
-Small, curved rods, "seagull appearance"
-Darting motility
Moon face, truncal obesity with a buffalo hump, glucose intolerance, and hirsutism are symptoms seen in what condition?
Cushing's syndrome
Name the pathways of the coagulation system and the factors involved in each. Which pathway is associated with heparin? Which is associated with warfarin/coumadin?
Intrinsic pathway: XII, XI, IX, VIII
Extrinsic pathway: III, VII
Common pathway: V, X, II, I
Heparin is associated with the intrinsic path, while warfarin/coumadin is associated with the extrinsic path.
What is used as treatment for patients with Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia? Why?
Plamsmapheresis is used because the serum is hyperviscous. (pheresis is performed to get rid of viscous fluid and replace it with good proteins)
Name three changes that occur in red cells during storage.
1. Decrease in pH
2. Loss of ATP (increased cell rigidity, decreased cell membrane integrity)
3. Decline of 2,3 DPG
4. Cells lose K+ and plasma levels increase
5. Plasma sodium levels decrease
6. Increase in plasma hemoglobin
Describe the colonial morphology and gram stain of C. perfringens.
Colonies: large, irregularly shaped with double zone of beta hemolysis on blood agar
Gram stain: Boxcar, large square gram-positive rods
Describe the colonies and biochemical tests (TSI, MRVP, indole, urea, citrate, motility) for E. coli.
Colonies: pink on MAC (lactose fermenter)
TSI: A/A with gas
MRVP: (+/=)
Indole: (+)
Citrate (=)
Urea (=)
Motility (+)